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What must the membrane do so that hydrogen ions can flow through it?
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What is the role of hydrogen ions in the conversion of ADP to ATP?
it is caused by the hydrogen ion flow across the membrane.
What forces hydrogen ions to flow through the F0 subunit?
a concentration gradient
What term describes the difference between the numbers of hydrogen ions on opposite sides of the membrane?
Diffusion and it does not have to be through a semi permeable membrane.
How do the two photosystems work together to capture energy from sunlight?
Photosystem 2 transports the electrons from water and oxygen and Hydrogen ions across the Thylakoid membrane. Photosystem 1 produces NADPH with the electrons being added to NADP. ADP is changed to ATP when the Hydrogen ions flow through ATP synthase. I hope this helps! :)
What is chemiosmosis and how does it work?
Cells often use an electron transport chain to separate electrons from hydrogen protons. The hydrogen protons are then used during chemiosmosis. A hydrogen ion gradient is formed and the hydrogen ions flow through the ATP synthetase molecule to the other side of the membrane. Hydrogen ions accumulate outside the inner mitochondrial membrane during cell respiration and in the inner membrane space of the thylakoid membrane of chloroplasts during photosynthesis. Bacteria use the outside plasma membrane as the surface to build up the hydrogen ion gradient. Therefore the energy from food is transferred to hydrogen ions, and the hydrogen ions transfer the energy to ATP via the ATP synthetase enzyme. In this discussion you should include a discussion of the solar powered purple proton pump and the information found in Figures 6-10, 6-11, 6-12, 6-A, and 8-12 (p. 169). Chemiosmosis is critical in ATP production in eukaryote cells as well as most prokaryote cells.
The flow of what particle across the thylakoid membrane powers the production of ATP?
Hydrogen Ions
When hydrogen ions are pumped from the mitochondrial matrix across the inner membrane and into the intermembrane space the result is?
Hydrogen ions are pumped through the membrane in the final stage of ATP generation in the electron transport chain. The ions pumped through the membrane create a gradient and cause the hydrogen to "want" to pass back through the membrane. They do so through the protein channels in the membrane and attaches a phosphate to adenosine diphosphate to make adenosine triphosphate.
What is the role of hydrogen ions in the conversion of ADP to ATP?
it is caused by the hydrogen ion flow across the membrane.
Hydrogen ions flow back into the inner compartment through?
ATP Synthasis
What forces hydrogen ions to flow through the F0 subunit?
a concentration gradient
What is chemiosmotic generation of ATP driven by?
Chemiosmotic generation of ATP is driven by a gradient of H+ ions (protons). These protons move from high to low concentration, and in the process, power a protein that phosphorylates ADP into ATP.
How does the hydrogen ion pump store energy in a new place?
once hydrogen ions are outside the membrane they are allowed to flow back in. this flow is changed to energy that is stored in the bonds of new molecules.
What term describes the difference between the numbers of hydrogen ions on opposite sides of the membrane?
Diffusion and it does not have to be through a semi permeable membrane.
Diffusion across the cell membrane results in depolarization?
Through a systematic flow of potassium,calcium and sodium ions. Ie. slower acting gates alow timed flow of these ions while a contraction of these cells pushes out ions to restart the resting membrane potiential.
How do the two photosystems work together to capture energy from sunlight?
Photosystem 2 transports the electrons from water and oxygen and Hydrogen ions across the Thylakoid membrane. Photosystem 1 produces NADPH with the electrons being added to NADP. ADP is changed to ATP when the Hydrogen ions flow through ATP synthase. I hope this helps! :)
What does Chemiosmosis involves .?
The movement of hydrogen ions across a mitochondrial membrane.
What molecule will form when hydrogen ions flow down the electrochemical gradient through ATP synthesis complexes in mitochondria?
Water
