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There are two receptors that neurotransmitters interact with: ligand-gated receptors or ionotropic receptors and G protein-coupled receptors or metabotropic receptors depending on the neurotransmitter (the ligand). When the ligand binds with the neurotransmitter receptor it causes a sequence of chemical reactions to relay signals.
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What does an axon release when an impulse reaches the end of it?
Neurotransmitters to the synapse and the neurotransmitters bind with the receptors releasing the second messengers.
Which of these neurotransmitters does not bind to a plasma membrane receptor?
Nitric oxide does not bind to a plasma membrane receptor.
Where do neurotransmitters that bind the postsynaptic membrane generate?
action potential
Chemicals that cross the synaptic gap and bind to receptors on another neuron are called?
nuerotransmitter
What are characteristics of neurotransmitters?
Neurotransmitters are released in response to stimulation. They alter the physiology of the postsynaptic cell. They are synthesized by a presynaptic neuron. They bind to specific receptors on the postsynaptic cell.
Neurotransmitters bind to specific proteins on the postsynaptic membrane called?
Receptor molecules, or called receptor proteins.
What role do dopamine and seratonine play in the body?
These are both neurotransmitters that bind to neurons and have mood elevation and mood depressing functions.
What is released when an impulse reaches the end of a neuron?
The impulse ends in the terminal or synaptic knob. Here neurotransmitters are put in vesicles and travel across the synaptic cleft to the next neuron.
How do drugs affect the process of synaptic transmission?
They can act in a number of ways, both presynaptically and postsynaptically. They can affect how vescicles release neurotransmitters, how neurotransmitters are cleaved/reuptake, they can block receptors, destroy receptors, agonistically bind to receptors which mimics the neurotransmitter. These are a few.
Explain what happens to neurotransmitters after they are released?
After neurotransmitters are released in to the synaptic cleft - from the presynaptic neuron, they bind with there specific receptor cites found on the postsynaptic neurons cell membrane. Some neurotransmitters then become inactive by enzymes whiles other simply drift away from the synaptic cleft. Reuptake can also occur where the presynaptic neuron sponges up (or takes back) the remaining neurotransmitters left behind.
When electrical signal reaches end of nerve fiber a chemical what is secreted?
When the action potential (electrochemical signal) reaches the end of the nerve, calcium channels open, causing synaptic vesicles containing neurotransmitters to bind with the neuronal membrane. When this happens, the neurotransmitters are released into the synaptic cleft (process is called exocytosis). Once in the synaptic cleft, they can bind with postsynaptic neuron or muscle cell receptors.
What goes from the synapse to the cell body?
Small chemicals called 'neurotransmitters' that are released into the synapse will diffuse across the synaptic cleft and bind to postsynaptic receptors (which may be on a cell body, or a dendrite). Examples of neurotransmitters are: adrenaline/epinephrine, acetylcholine, glutamate, serotonin, GABA, glycine and dopamine.
