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What processes occur that allow for genetic variation in meiosis?
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Does mitosis allow genes to move from one chromosome to another?
No. Mitosis produces an exact copy of a cell's DNA. Meiosis allows genetic transfer to occur.
What is the function of the cells made from meiosis?
The product of meiosis are sex cells or gametes 1N, Eggs, Sperm and pollen. Because of meiosis, and crossing over, these cells are genetically unique. Consequently, the union of these sex cells (egg and sperm) form new and different combinations and therefore allow for variation and change within a species.
Studies the internal processes that allow organisms to grow and develop?
A biochemist
How would crossover affect the rate of evolution?
In humans, independent assortment occurs during meiosis, when the 23 pairs of chromosomes divide into 46 individual chromosomes, and 1 chromosome from each of the 23 pairs goes on to form a gamete (haploid cell) which can then be fertilised to produce offspring. The assortment is "independent" because each of the 23 chromosomes that go on to form a gamete can be from either chromosome within a "pair" - ie the 23 pairs of chromosomes are not linked together in any way when it comes to meiosis. This means that a large number of combinations of genetic material is possible - introducing a random result in the gamete.
What structures allow genetic material to pass through the nuclear membrane?
In the nucleus.
What genetic processes allow a species to change over time?
Mutations and the genetic shuffling that occurs with sexual reproduction
Disadvantages of budding?
budding does not allow any type of genetic variation. The new generation is naturally genetically identical to the primary one(clone) so as with binary fission there is not as much genetic variation in offspring as occurs with sexual reproduction.
Does mitosis allow genes to move from one chromosome to another?
No. Mitosis produces an exact copy of a cell's DNA. Meiosis allows genetic transfer to occur.
What is the function of the cells made from meiosis?
The product of meiosis are sex cells or gametes 1N, Eggs, Sperm and pollen. Because of meiosis, and crossing over, these cells are genetically unique. Consequently, the union of these sex cells (egg and sperm) form new and different combinations and therefore allow for variation and change within a species.
Why genetic variation is of to benefit to a population?
It can provide resistance to diseases or other beneficial characteristics. -variation in more competitive species than our own can result in natural selection that is better focused to the specific environment: there is a bigger range of characteristics, so the best traits allow those members to survive longer and therefore mate more. This allows the species overall to constantly reproduce the beneficial traits and flourish.
Why is meiosis important?
Meiosis is important for many reasons. For example, during sexual reproduction, meiosis is important to allow the child the same number of genes as their parents. Meiosis is also important for the reproduction of the 4 haploid cells.
What are the similarities and differences between mitosis and meiosis with respect to function location in the organism and the chromosome number haploid or diploid of the daughter cells produced?
Mitosis produces two Diploid Cells while Meiosis produces four haploid cells. The purpose of Mitosis produces new body cells and does not allow for genetic variation, while meiosis allows genetic variation through multiple processes. Meiosis produces sex cells (sperm) , which are key in reproduction of multi-cellular organisms. Each new cell contains half of the number of chromosomes. Meiosis has 2 cellular divisions, while mitosis only has one. They are both necessary to support life, and they both produce Diploid cells in the first division. Also, from a similar topic in Yahoo Answers (Which has a much better explanation) : Mitosis is a type of cell division to produce 2 X genetically identical diploid (2n) cells for growth and repair. Mitosis occcurs in somatic cells (normal body cells. Prior to mitotic division DNA is replicated to produce two identical chromatids attached by a centromere. This is essential so that each new daughter cell formed receives one copy of each chromosome. (One division) Meiosis only occurs in the sex organs to produce 4 X haploid (n), genetically different, gametes for sexual reproduction. Meiosis consists of two divisions: Meiosis I halves the number of chromosomes to give 2 X haploid cells. Meiosis II doubles the number of cells to give 4 X haploid gametes. Two processes during meiosis I increase variation . In prophase I homomolgous chromosomes cross over at points called chiasmata and exchange genetic material. In metaphase I the chromosomes line up along the equator in pairs. This is called random assortment where maternal and paternal chromosomes are arranged at random. Both of these increase variation to produce four genetically different gametes at the end of meiosis II DNA replication only occurs once, before Meoisis I.
What is function of meiosis?
meiosis is a type of cell division wherein there are four sister chromosomes that will be formed. Just like mitosis,,the function of this cell division is to replace old cells in the body to sustain and for the life of the specie of a certain life form to survive.
Mutations are important for evolution because they .?
Mutations are very important for evolution today because they usually lead to the genetic changes in a given gene pool. They also allow the species to change with the environment.
Types of reprodiction that allows plants more variation?
Asexual reproduction does not involve sex cells or gametes (produced through meiosis). Rather, it is reproduction by mitosis allowing a new, genetically identical individual to be produced. Both methods of reproduction have advantages and disadvantages. Sexual reproduction allows genetic variation and allows the development of a population that is specifically adapted to its surroundings (and is therefore more likely to survive). However, when a very desirable combination of traits is found, sexual reproduction risks losing them in the randomness of the process. Asexual reproduction does not allow genetic variation, but guarantees reproduction (no dependence on others). It rapidly increases numbers of an organism and keeps its desired combination of traits. Many plants reproduce use a combination of sexual and asexual reproduction to get the benefits of both methods..
Why are eggs and sperms produced by meiosis?
Meiosis facilitates stable sexual reproduction. Without the halving of ploidy, or chromosome count, fertilization would result in zygotes that have twice the number of chromosomes as the zygotes from the previous generation. Successive generations would have an exponential increase in chromosome count. In organisms that are normally diploid, polyploidy, the state of having three or more sets of chromosomes, results in extreme developmental abnormalities or lethality. Polyploidy is poorly tolerated in most animal species. Plants, however, regularly produce fertile, viable polyploids. Polyploidy has been implicated as an important mechanism in plant speciation. Most importantly, recombination and independent assortment of homologous chromosomes allow for a greater diversity of genotypes in the population. This produces genetic variation in gametes that promote genetic and phenotypic variation in a population of offspring.
Why do plants use self-fertilization?
Self-fertilization is used by some plants because it guarantees there will be offspring. This is the same reason why some organisms asexually reproduce. It may not allow genetic variation but it guarantees that their genes will be passed on and that there will be offspring.
