They had special bits with 4 tapering sides at the end.
They used crude drill bits turned by a brace system.
Small Hand Drill, Wood Cutting Machine.
A brace tool is used for boring holed in wood. This is a handheld tool that relies on the pressure applied to drill holes.
They used an auger to bore holes in wood. A more sophisticated version that would be used later was called a brace and bit.
You use a standard HSS drill bit.
For drilling in a lathe, "Drill Sleeves" also known as "Drill Quills" are used and they are set into the tail stock quill for drilling operations.
it is a drill bit usually with a square male tip that inserts into a female square screw head-- many of these square head screws are used for building cabinetry-- it is basically a carpenters or builders choice of use but not mandatory for building.
The type of drill bit used to remove a broken manifold stud is an extractor or easy out. A hole is drilled into the stud and then the extractor is used to dig in and unscrew the bolt.
A three jaw chuck is usual.
AC Series motors
A drill press is used in many of the mechanical trades. Mechanics use drill presses to lower or raise tools when working on wood, metal or other surfaces.
The most common type of drill bit is the 'straight shank steel twist drill' . Other less common but still much used bits are the Brad tipped bit for woodworking and the carbide tipped bit for masonry.