Barley was the main grain crop. however there are evidences of other varieties of grains as well.
Cotton
All I could scrap up is, the Indus River Valley grew wheat, barley, beans, sesame, rice, bananas, black pepper, mustard, and cotton crops. They had good crops because of the Silt left by the yearly flood. This flood was made by the Indus River Valley.
Indus river
The Indus Mahari Tribe grew to the most powerful in the region.
The Indus Valley people grew wheat, and when it comes to fruit, they harvested melons and dates. They may have grew more crops and harvested more fruit, but this is all I know.
The occurrence of natural barriers, during the Harappan period would have been an annual inundation of the sites as the natural reservoir engulfing them grew with run-off from Himalayas.
Thanks to the Indus Valley's hot climate, crops grew quickly. Archaeologists believe that this made it possible for farmers to plant and harvest twice a year. 😃
they were able to grow more food and there population grew as well.
Settlers in Brazil grew sugarcane as their first crop. The crops were labor intensive which was a catalyst for bringing in slave labor.
The first ancient societies arose in Mesopotamia and Egypt in the Middle East, in the Indus Valley ... It not only made settlements possible--and ultimately the building of cities--but it also made ... The first great civilizations grew up along rivers.
A large southern crop that grew only one crop
The Harappans raised dates, wheat, peas, cattle, sheep and goats.
The Indus Valley Civilisation grew steadily and prospered for about 1000 years. Around 1500 BCE, the Indus Valley Civilisation rapidly declined. It ended with Mohenjo-Daro being abandoned around 1200BCE and Harappa soon after. Archaeological evidence, such as signs of constant rebuilding of walls and foundation of houses, suggests that floods could have caused the decline of the Indus Valley Civilisation. These woluld also have destroyed the irrigation systems that the people depended on for their farming. Some scholars think that the floods might have bred mosquitoes which led to outbreaks of malaria. Whatever the reason, the decline was almost certainly speeded up by the invasion of the Indus Valley by a group of people called the Aryans\ (Adapted from The Living Past History Of Ancient India,China and Southeastasia 2nd edition)