What was the first practical use of a restriction enzyme in production of what?

What happens when a restriction enzyme is used on DNA?

when restriction enzyme is use on DNA basically it just first losen up the DNA, usally DNA is coiled, and so the restriction enzyme jsut breka the DNA and leave a sticky end, so that it can be put back together, the cell have to be able to do that because in nature, that's the way for cell to stop protein production and the cell still need that gene

To produce transgenic bacteria that make insulin what step did researchers have to take first?

Use a restriction enzyme to cut the insulin gene from human DNA. 5175286717

How you clone a gene using cosmid as a vector?

The first step is restriction of the cosmid and the foreign DNA with the restriction enzyme, then ligating the fragments together. Thereafter, the cosmids are loaded into the phage capsid, which leads to the expression of the foreign gene through transduction.

What is the function of restriction enzymes in the process of DNA recombination?

First, a specific enzyme is needed to cut the DNA from the donor genes at a specific site. This enzyme is called a restriction enzyme.The enzyme is used to cut out a piece of DNA that contains one or more desired genes from the donor's DNA. Next, a vector is needed to receive the donor DNA. Most frequently, a naturally occurring circular piece of bacterial DNA, called a plasmid, is used for this purpose. Finally, an enzyme is used to "stitch" the donor DNA into the plasmid vector. This enzyme is called ligase, and it creates permanent bonds between the donor DNA and the plasmid DNA. The result is that the donor DNA is incorporated into the bacterial plasmid, forming the recombinant DNA (rDNA)

How do restriction enzymes help make recombinant DNA and transgenic organisms?

Restriction enzymes take apart the DNA in a certain area and allow for a plasmid to be inserted within the gap that is created. Restriction enzyme use is basically the same for both the production of recombinant DNA and for transgenic organisms since an organism can synthesize the DNA that has been inserted into it once it has been placed within the organism. In the case of unicellular organisms the restriction enzyme is first introduced to break apart the DNA and then the plasmid is introduced to create the desired effect. Then the organism can express those genes through further processing of the newly introduced DNA and through mitosis (which is how unicellular organisms reproduce) it can give that gene to its offspring. In the case of multicellular organisms a restriction enzyme and accompanying plasmid must be presented when the organism is just a zygote. This process is how those glow-in-the-dark fish are created and provided that those fish can reproduce they'll also give their traits on to future generations just like single-celled organisms would.

How can a mutation that alters a recognition site be detected by gel electrophoresis?

First, DNA that is mutated and unmutated must be cut with the same restriction enzyme. When these two strains of DNA are run through gel electrophoresis side by side, the mutated DNA will have fewer bands and at least one that does not move as far as the normal DNA. This is because the the restriction enzyme would not cut at the mutated recognition site. The difference in bands in the agarose gel will easily be detected.

Why the first restriction endonuclease is known as Hind2 and not Hind1?

Restriction enzymes are named based on the organism in which they were discovered. For example, the enzyme Hind III was isolated from Haemophilus influenzae, strain Rd. The first three letters of the name are italicized because they abbreviate the genus and species names of the organism. The fourth letter typically comes from the bacterial strain designation. The Roman numerals are used to identify specific enzymes from bacteria that contain multiple restriction enzymes. Typically, the Roman numeral indicates the order in which restriction enzymes were discovered in a particular strain.There are three classes of restriction enzymes, labeled types I, II, and III. Type I restriction systems consist of a single enzyme that performs both modification (methylation) and restriction activities. These enzymes recognize specific DNA sequences, but cleave the DNA strand randomly, at least 1,000 base pairs(bp) away from the recognition site. Type III restriction systems have separateenzymes for restriction and methylation, but these enzymes share a common subunit. These enzymes recognize specific DNA sequences, but cleave DNA at random sequences approximately twenty-five bp from the recognition sequence. Neither type I nor type III restriction systems have found much application in recombinant DNA techniques.Type II restriction enzymes, in contrast, are heavily used in recombinant DNA techniques. Type II enzymes consist of single, separate proteins for restriction and modification. One enzyme recognizes and cuts DNA, the other enzyme recognizes and methylates the DNA. Type II restriction enzymes cleave the DNA sequence at the same site at which they recognize it. The only exception are type IIs (shifted) restriction enzymes, which cleaveDNA on one side of the recognition sequence, within twenty nucleotides of the recognition site. Type II restriction enzymesdiscovered to date collectively recognize over 200 different DNA sequences.

Function of restriction enzymes?

They cut strands of DNA at specific sites.

When scientist copy DNA what do they have to cut out first?

Restriction endonuclease

Which is the first enzyme to mix with food in the digestive enzyme?

Amylase

How do you isolate the gene in genetic engineering?

You isolate the gene in genetic engineering by first locating the gene you wish to be isolated. Then you use a restrictive enzyme to isolate it, and lastly take the gene out

Why is it helpful to digest each of your samples with two different restriction enzymes?

It helps break up your sample even more. Your first enzyme may, for example, ONLY cut at a sequence of TAATTA ---> TA // ATTA. Maybe your second enzyme is less selective, and will cut ANY GC --> G // C. Using them together, you will end up with much smaller fragments than using only enzyme #1 for example.