490 BCE Marathon - a Persian amphibious punitive expedition against Athens and Eretria defeated.
480 BCE Salamis - the Persian fleet defeated at Salamis, forcing the withdrawal of half their army due to consequent sea resupply problems.
479 BCE Plataia -the remainder of the Persian army and its Greek allies defeated.
479 BCE - the remainder of its fleet destroyed at Mykale.
466 BCE Eurymedon - Persian fleet destroyed in a sea and following land battle on the Eurymedon River, forcing them to agree to stay out of Greek waters.
334 BCE Granicus - Alexander defeated a Persian army on the Granicus River in Asia Minor.
333 BCE Issus - Alexander defeated the Persian army at Issus, capturing their warchest which enabled him to continue his campaign.
331 BCE Gaugamela - Alexander finally defeated the Persian army in Mesopotamia and moved on to take over the remaining Persian empire.
Persia - to bring Greek cities to its side and then defeat the rest and incorporate them all into its empire.
Greeks - the southern Greek cities to band together and defeat the Persian invasion and free the Greek cities in Asia Minor from Persian rule.
The invading Persians at the battles of Plataea and Mycale.
At the critical battles of Salamis, Plataea and Mycale the numbers engaged on both sides were about even.
No. The Spartans defeated about 500,000 Persians along with about 1,700 Greeks. Later on in the war, they withdrew to defend Sparta and lost the war. The Spartans alone did not fight or defeat Persians and Persian allies. Many Greek city states allied and defeated Persians in land and sea battles in two separate wars. The only Greek defeat from the most famous battles in the two separate Persian invasions was in Thermopylae. And even then, few thousand Greeks died, including plus or minus 300 Spartans, while it is believed more than 20,000 Persians and their allies that included many Greeks, died in Thermopylae. So it was an honorable defeat.
There were several - the most notable were Salamis (in the Saronic Gulf between the island of Salamis and Athens in 480; Mykale in Asia Minor 479 BCE and Eurymedon in Asia Minor 466 BCE.
Because most of the records historians have about the Persians were written by Greeks, the history is very skewed (Greeks hated the Persians- they had lots of wars). It's very negatively biased.
The invading Persians at the battles of Plataea and Mycale.
Which of the many battles did you have in mind?
There were many battles. The Greeks used better strategies and tactics. They were also operating on internal lines, the Persians on external lines.
Lives were lost. There were maany battles. Which one are you asking about?
At the critical battles of Salamis, Plataea and Mycale the numbers engaged on both sides were about even.
Eurymedon 446 BCE and Cyprus 450 BCE.
Not at all. They lost many of the battles, had their navy all but annhiliated and lost the war itself.
The Greeks had superior armor and tactics than did the Persians .
Salamis 480 BCE, Plataea 479 BCE, Mycale 479 BCE.
Salamis 480 BCE, Plataea 479 BCE, Mycale 479 BCE.
They did at the battles of Salamis, Plataea and Mykale, which saw the Persian invasion force withdrawn.
The Greeks stood their ground and fought for their freedom against the Persians. Their victory caused the Greeks many lives.