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Treaties were numbered to keep track of them and the Indian Act was needed to bring them under Canadian control.

The purpose was to put off for a future generation the issue of Aboriginal land and rights claims.

Treaties themselves were meant to avoid or put off into the future a war for land and control, or at least as much as possible. There were still battles and wars fought but for Britain treaties worked very well. Not so well for the Aboriginals.

They have not worked so well for Canada either. The treaties, the very idea of such treaties come from a time in which a persons race was used to determine their class and the rights they could expect.

As a result such Treaties are race based. They were not based on any Nation status, just race and area, a way to keep the races apart. Which is why South Africa used them as a model for their apartheid.

Even by the end of the 1800's when Canada was taking over from Britain the idea that a persons race should determine everything was being questioned but it was easier to just continue what Britain had started.

Today after the racial genocide of WWII and the Civil rights movements of the later half of the 20th century many Canadians believe as stated in their Charter of Rights that people should not be discriminated against (or for) based on race.

Yet the Indian Act and the treaties are fundamentally racist, segregating people by their race, with access to Canadian resources and government programs being determined by race. Regardless of how long a persons family has lived in Canada, even if it has been 500yrs, if they are not perceived as being of a race covered by treaties, they cannot achieve, or work towards having equal rights.

As long as Canada holds to such race based laws and treaties a Canadians human rights will depend on that Canadians race.

But to extend equal rights to all Canadians regardless of race is to deal with the original purpose of the Treaties and the Indian Act. That will mean that some parts of Canada will want to leave the Confederation. Some of those parts are worth fighting to keep in Canada.

The real purpose of the Indian Act and the numbered treaties is to put off that conflict at least until the next generation. So it has been, and so it will be, at least for now.

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Q: What was the purpose of the Indian Act and numbered treaties?
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