Contraband.
Later, black soldiers were served in the Cavalry in the West, where the Indians gave them the name "buffalo soldiers".
The above answer is not entirely correct.
Black troops in the civil war were called United States Colored Troops.
Contraband were slaves that escaped into the possession of the Union Army.
Tens of 1000's of the USCT's were from the North and would not be considered CONTRABANDS of war. Many of these men were free men of color and never new the bondage of slavery, therefore it would be insulting to them to be characterized as "contraband".
The Confederates called them Yanks, Yankees, or Blue Bellies.
Bluebelly
The union had many troops no one knows the exact amount!
The Union's military high command was aware that Confederate troops were forming a large concentration for what would be the Battle of Chickamauga. They attempted a counter concentration that called for Union troops in Georgia and as faraway as Minnesota. None of these troops were able to reach Chickamauga until after the battle was over.
Black Confederate troops from Mississippi were taken by Union forces to the prison camp outside Chicago, they were unloaded there lined up by Union forces and executed. This was a war crime. There is no monument to these men today
The approximate number of Black Freedmen that served in the Union's armed forces were 180,000 troops. additionally, many former slaves helped the Union by working as support personnel in the US army.
Union
The number of black Union troops is usually given as 180,000, out of about 2.1 million total Union troops.
It was the United States Colored Troops in 1864.
Both sides successfully called for volunteers
She recruited black troops for the Union army during the Civil War.
union
Approximately 2.5 million to 2.75 million Union troops served in the American Civil War.
The union had many troops no one knows the exact amount!
Black troops were far more diciplined then white troops for starters. Sadly enough, black troops were mainly used for manual labour, even in the union army. If you want to know more, you can google just about anything regarding the 54th Massachusetts
the Massachusetts 54thThe 54th Massachusetts was the most famous because of the movie "Glory". However there were 200,000 black soldiers serving in the Union army. There were dozens of regiments and artillery battalions. Most were eventually named with a number and the label Colored Troops such as 8th US Colored Troops.On the north side of Washington, DC, there is a monument called the African-American Civil War Memorial. It has two rings of walls that has the names of the black troops engraved on it.The 54th Massachussetts Volunteers during the Civil War, fighting for the Union.
54% of union soldiers died
The black slaves helped the union in two ways. First, they escaped from the South bringing the confederate's economy down. And second, most of the blacks joined the Union army to help win the Civil War.
Only 50,000 Union troops were enlisted on the basis of the draft laws. The Union states continued to raise troops who were volunteers.