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The North had a good manufacturing base, excellent lines of internal communication (the railroads) and more people.

The South had fewer people and not much manufacturing capability to speak of. The southern economy was primarily agricultural, focused on cotton and tobacco. There were few rail lines available for internal communications. Much of the economy was dependent on shipping their goods to European ports, which made their ship-borne commerce susceptible to blockade and interception.

From every practical point of view, the war was lost before the first shots were fired at Fort Sumter.

The South did have one advantage; one of the finest generals ever to graduate from West Point, Robert E. Lee. It wasn't quite enough.

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9y ago

Northern advantages:

More people, which meant more soldiers.

More factories, and gun making facilities.

More and better artillery on hand at the outset.

Southern advantages:

Better generalship.

Men more suited to the rigors of war.

Better cavalry at the outset.

Fighting on home ground for most of the war.

Northern disadvantages:

Fewer experienced generals.

Fighting on the enemy's soil.

Southern disadvantages.

Men less educated.

Fewer soldiers.

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Q: What were the military advantages and disadvantages of the north and south in 1860?
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