RNA band will be near the wells being single stranded,Genomic DNA will be at the centre of the gel being linear double stranded and plasmid DNA being circular moves faster and will be the brightest hence will be near the base..
Smiling occurs because of uneven electric fields through the gel
The 16s rRNA genes (rDNA) exist on genomic DNA. Therefore, plasmid has nothing to do with its amplification. However, if the 16s rRNA gene is cloned into the plasmid, it can be amplified.
Ethidium bromide is an intercalator, meaning it inserts itself between the base pairs of DNA. Linear DNA pieces like the genomic DNA fragments bind more ethidium bromide than the circular plasmid DNA. The solution is placed into a tube that is spun extremely fast (roughly 50,000 revolutions per minute) in an ultracentrifuge for about a day. During this time the cesium chloride forms a gradient of lower density at the top of the tube and higher density at the bottom. The genomic and plasmid DNA form tight bands in this gradient. Since the plasmid DNA binds less ethidium bromide it is more dense and is located lower in the tube than the genomic DNA. RNA forms a separate band at the bottom of the tube. These three bands can be visualized by UV light.
When the original function of the gene in the plasmid is altered or another gene is inserted in the non- coding region of the plasmid is called the recombinant plasmid.
Plasmid DNA is an extra-chromosomal DNA molecule, it cannot link up with chromosomal DNA, and it contains the genetic informations that are necessary for its own replication. Episomes is any kind of extra-chromosomal DNA that can link up with chromosomal DNA. That is the main difference between them two. Episomes are usually larger than other extra-chromosomal DNA. An example of episome are the viruses, because they intergrate their genetic material into the host's chromosomal DNA.The only difference between the plasmid and the episome is the integration i-e plasmid can not integrate while episome can integrate into the genome.
Agarose gel electrophoresis is suitable for ALL DNA.
Smiling occurs because of uneven electric fields through the gel
The 16s rRNA genes (rDNA) exist on genomic DNA. Therefore, plasmid has nothing to do with its amplification. However, if the 16s rRNA gene is cloned into the plasmid, it can be amplified.
Check the size in agarose gel, extract it from the gel then purify it and grow it on selective plate.
A cosmid has the characteristics of a hybrid plasmid. They are used in the building of genomic libraries. They are ~200 base pairs long. More detailed information is available on Wikipedia.
Ethidium bromide is an intercalator, meaning it inserts itself between the base pairs of DNA. Linear DNA pieces like the genomic DNA fragments bind more ethidium bromide than the circular plasmid DNA. The solution is placed into a tube that is spun extremely fast (roughly 50,000 revolutions per minute) in an ultracentrifuge for about a day. During this time the cesium chloride forms a gradient of lower density at the top of the tube and higher density at the bottom. The genomic and plasmid DNA form tight bands in this gradient. Since the plasmid DNA binds less ethidium bromide it is more dense and is located lower in the tube than the genomic DNA. RNA forms a separate band at the bottom of the tube. These three bands can be visualized by UV light.
BAC = Bacterial Artificial Chromosome -200-300Kb -good for genomic libraries -uses the bacterial F (sex) plasmid -currently quite popular YAC = Yeast Artificial Chromosome -1Mb -good for genomic libraries also -difficult to manipulate and use -less popular
A circular band of DNA that exists separate of chromosomal DNA is called a plasmid. Plasmids reside within bacteria cells and can replicate independently of the chromosomal DNA.
When the original function of the gene in the plasmid is altered or another gene is inserted in the non- coding region of the plasmid is called the recombinant plasmid.
what is the function of the plasmid
R-plasmid
TOL plasmid