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Benito Mussolini (d. 1945) came to power in 1922 as the head of the Fascist movement in Italy, recognizing the spiritual power of the Church, he ended the six decade stalemate between Italy and the Vatican by signing The Lateran Treaty of 1929 with Pope Pius XI which financially compensated the Holy See for its loss of property and recognized the independent state of Vatican City - a mere 356 acres surrounding St. Peter's Basilica in Rome - as an independent country.

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Q: When did Mussolini recognize the Catholic Church?
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