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He surrendered the Army of Northern Virginia to U.S. Grant at Appomattox Court House on April 9th 1865.

He said he would rather die a thousand deaths, but he had no choice. Grant's policy of ending prisoner-exchange meant that the Confederates could not replace their losses, and Lee's lines had worn so thin that they couldn't hold.

After the surrender, it was clear that Grant's other policy, of destroying the farms that victualled the Confederate armies, had also worked. The men were barefoot and starving.

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Q: When did lee surrender and why?
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