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We started exploring the oceans, and increasing our dominance of them in Elizabethan times (second half of 16th century). Thus, our first colonies were founded during this period. However, we really got a move on during 18th century, acquiring Canada, India and assorted Caribbean islands in this time, and discovering Australia and New Zealand.

The peak time of the British Empire was in the Victorian era into early 20th century. Since the end of WW2, it had gradually declined and evolved into a commonwealth, headed by the Queen. Most nations are now independent politically, but some - most notably Canada, Australia and NZ - still hold Her Majesty as Head of State, and have a political leader as Prime Minister.

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Q: When did the British Empire develop?
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