secreted
voltage-gated potassium channels taking some time to close in response to the negative membrane potential
Sodium and potassium voltage gated ion channels.
Out of the cell
Ether causes potassium ion pores to open, allowing potassium ions to leave the neuron, hyper-polarizing the neuron so it is unable to fire an action potential.
The color is dark blue.
The main region of aldosterone action is the distal convoluted tubule (DCT) and collecting duct of the kidneys. It functions to increase sodium reabsorption as well as enhance potassium excretion. The net effect of this is an increase in blood volume (via increased reabsorption of water), and thus an increase in blood pressure.
Aldosterone is a hormone that increases the reabsorption of sodium ions and water and the release (secretion) of potassium ions in the distal convoluted tubules of the kidneys. This increases blood volume and, therefore, increases blood pressure. Drugs that interfere with the secretion or action of aldosterone are in use as antihypertensives.
Reaction is a response to an action.
The major target of aldosterone is the distal tubule of the kidney, where it stimulates exchange of sodium and potassium. Three primary physiologic effects of aldosterone result:Increased resorption of sodium: sodium loss in urine is decreased under aldosterone stimulation.Increased resorption of water, with consequent expansion of extracellular fluid volume. This is an osmotic effect directly related to increased resorption of sodium.Increased renal excretion of potassium.Knowing these effects should quickly suggest the cellular mechanism of action this hormone. Aldosterone stimulates transcription of the gene encoding the sodium-potassium ATPase, leading to increased numbers of "sodium pumps" in the basolateral membranes of tubular epithelial cells. Aldosterone also stimulates expression of a sodium channel which facilitates uptake of sodium from the tubular lumen.
voltage-gated potassium channels taking some time to close in response to the negative membrane potential
A response is an answer or reply that can be in a word or action.
Costs that change in response to a particular course of action are differential costs.
An action causes a reaction. This is also referred to as cause and effect in some areas.
Sodium and potassium voltage gated ion channels.
Potassium.
An exaggerated response takes place. Hyporeflexic is when the response is less than average.
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