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The Basilica as a style of architecture comes from the Ancient Romans. The Basilica was a roman style building whos initial purpose was actually as a court or legal building. This was a highly public area and very large. When the Emperor of Rome converted to Christianity he gifted many of the Basilicas to the church as Churches as they were large buildings and, as the state religion had changed all the people now had to be able to fit into a church building for the services.

Basillicas then became popular as a church building style across the (now christian) Roman world. Thus when a large church was to be built it was often based on the Basilicas of rome, and was termed a basillica. Basilicas in the Ecclesiastical sense then became buildings symbolic of the temporal power of a dioscesan arch bishop as well, and special prevelages were associated with them.

For more information you might want to consult the wikipedia article on this subject: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basilica

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