Prophet Muhammad ( saw ) resided in home of Hazrat Abou Ayub Ansari RA .
Madina
About ten years.
Madina sharif.
Yathrib renamed as Madina .
madina
Prophet Muhammad PBUH laid foundation of Islamic Rule in Madina .
Twelve years, from August 610 until September 622.
If you mean Muhammad, the Prophet he ruled in Madina. Later he conquered Mecca and his rule spread to whole Arabia.
In Arabic Hijrat, in English Migration
For 53 years in Mecca and for last 10 years in Madina .
The first Muslim state was established in Madina Munawra, the last Prophet of Islam Hazrat Muhammad Mustafa (SAW) being the Head.
Yes. The people of Madina accepted Islam and made him their ruler.