The term "Turbofan" is actually quite broad, but can be broken down into two categories…high and low bypass. The question you are really trying to ask is which engine type (high bypass or low bypass) turbofan engine is more efficient?
High bypass engines are used on most commercial airplanes (except the Concord) and these engines are favorable because they have a balance of high thrust, and efficiency.
Aircraft that need supersonic capabilities (like the Concord) use a low bypass turbofan engine. These engines produce the thrust required to propel a plane beyond the speed of sound, but at the cost of efficiency. They burn a lot of fuel in doing so.
So one could draw the conclusion that high bypass turbofan engines are more efficient, but this would not be true. In order to propel a plane beyond the speed of sound the low bypass turbofan engine is the most efficient way of doing so. On the flipside, the high bypass turbofan engine is most efficient for practical air travel. Both engine types are very different, but each are specialized to achieve different goals.
Diesel engines are more efficient than gasoline engines.
with the turbo
Generally, the more valves an engine has the more efficient it is.
Diesel engines are more efficient than gasoline because chambers are different. A diesel engine has better gas mileage.
The most efficient to date is a 2-stroke design. it is a turbo desiel 2-stroke. but normally a 4-stroke is usually the more efficient of the two engine types.
designed a steam engine that was 40% more efficient, half the size, and significantly cheaper than standard steam engines.
designed a steam engine that was 40% more efficient, half the size, and significantly cheaper than standard steam engines.
By a generous estimate, they can be about 30% more efficient than a gasoline engine. I assume you mean "are turbines more efficient than piston engines". Depends on the running conditions. At full load, steady running conditions, turbines are better than piston Engines. At varying loads, turbines often do quite poorly.
Diesel engines are more efficient. They get better mileage, produce more torque, and last much longer than a gasoline engine. They are also more expensive to build.
That depends on what you are wanting. A turbo is more efficient but has a delay (lag) on accel. A supercharger does not have any delay, but is not as efficient.
Most steam engines except those used on tourist railroads have been replaced with the more efficient steam turbine engines.
Yes, but the engine must be strong enough to withstand it. Many modifications are needed as a turbo forces more air into an engine. There has to be a mixture of fuel and air that is balanced properly to achieve maximum power. Of course this can increase strain on engines (as the engine was not designed to be used with a turbo) so you have to be careful and do your research beforehand.