Which was the capital of Muslim empire in the Time of Haroon Rasheed?

Answer 1

The city of Baghdad was founded on July 30th 762 AD by Caliph Abu Ja'far Al-Mansur. He believed that Baghdad was the perfect city to be the capital of the Islamic empire under his family, the Abbasid dynasty.

Haroon Al Rashid was born in, roughly, 766 AD and died in 809 AD. He was the grandson of Caliph Abu Ja'far Al-Mansur. His father, Al Mahdi, became Caliph from 775-785 AD. His mother was a Yemeni and former-slave named Al Khayzuran.

While he was only in his teens, his father ordered him to lead a massive Muslim army, ninety-five thousand strong, against the Eastern Roman Empire, Byzantium. The army swiftly reached the Bosphorus and Byzantium was defeated and a deal was struck by which the capital, Constantinople, would be spared in return for an annual payment of gold. Haroon was honoured with the nickname Al-Rashid meaning "The Upright" at this time, and though aged only 16, commanded territories covering Tunisia, Syria, Egypt, Armenia and Azarbeijan. When his elder brother died, four years later, he became next in line for the throne.

While still in his early twenties, Haroon succeded his father as Caliph. He immediately surrounded himself with intellectuals as his advisors and, under his rule, the prosperity of Baghdad increased remarkably. Baghdad was soon regarded as a major centre of knowledge and trade. He became famous for his habit of going about the city disguised as an ordinary citizen where he would converse with the normal people to discover their concerns. As a result he was, for most of his life, a popular and successful ruler.