Car 3 would be At Fault for all damages. From the description it sounds like car 2 had to make a stop and car 3 had either enough speed or weight to force car 2 into car 1. Car 3 should have allowed enough space in front of it to avoid any crashes. Now, if car 2 had hit car 1 and then a moment later car 3 hit car 2, car 2 would be at fault for car 1 and car 3 would be at fault for car 2. In an event like this, make sure a POLICE REPORT is made.
it is ALLWAYS your fault for FOLOWING TOO CLOSE TO SAFELY STOP.
An accident is usually the fault of the driver who was violating the law. However, other circumstances may apply. It is illegal to go through a yield sign and not yield even if you then slam on the brakes. Still, something else might apply. Courts exist to take care of such situations.
it is car 2's fault because it hit car 1 forcing car 3 to hit car 2
you. you hit him.
If you are in reverse and hit anything, moving or not, you are at fault.
It is their fault.
Just because you got the ticket doesn't mean you are at fault. When it goes to court, explain to the judge the circumstances and your actions. The other driver should have been at fault for following too closely, and your decision to tap the brakes was the correct one in my opinion. There are many circumstances that will influence this, like if you slammed on your brakes and did not tap them. However I got a ticket for failure to signal while braking and the driver behind me didn't get a ticket for failure to maintain safe driving distance
The car behind you
It depends on whether or not the car is stationary at the time of the accident. If your car is stationary and they stumble into it, then they are at fault. However, if your car is moving when they are hit then you're at fault.
The car that hit you from behind.
have your brakes checked
If a parked car is hit my a moving car, the moving car is obviously at fault. If a moving car is hit by a car backing out of a space, the second car is at fault for failure to yeild, as the first car had right of way. If two cars are backing out and hit each other, it may be hard to determine who's at fault, as both driver's vision may have been compromised.