Who is the Einstein of today?

Answer 1

Weapon whose great explosive power results from the sudden release of energy upon the splitting, or fission, of the nuclei of heavy elements such as plutonium or uranium (see nuclear fission)" class='external' title="http://www.answers.com/topic/nuclear fission). With only 11 - 33 lb (5 - 15 kg) of highly enriched uranium, a modern atomic bomb could generate a 15-kiloton explosion, creating a huge fireball, a large shock wave, and lethal radioactive fallout" class='external' title="http://www.answers.com/topic/fallout. The first atomic bomb, developed by the manhattan project" class='external' title="http://www.answers.com/topic/manhattan project during World War II, was set off on July 16, 1945, in the New Mexico desert. The only atomic bombs used in war were dropped by the U.S. on hiroshima" class='external' title="http://www.answers.com/topic/hiroshima on Aug. 6, 1945, and on nagasaki nagasaki" class='external' title="http://www.answers.com/topic/nagasaki nagasaki three days later. In 1949 the Soviet Union tested its first atomic bomb, followed by Britain (1952), France (1960), China (1964), India (1974), and Pakistan (1998). Israel and South Africa were suspected of testing atomic weapons in 1979. See alsohydrogen bomb" class='external' title="http://www.answers.com/topic/hydrogen bomb; nuclear non proliferation treaty" class='external' title="http://www.answers.com/topic/nuclear non proliferation treaty; nuclear weapon" class='external' title="http://www.answers.com/topic/nuclear weapon.

For more information on atomic bomb, visit Britannica.com.

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From our Archives: saturday august 6 2005" class='external' title="http://www.answers.com/topic/saturday august 6 2005

Sixty years ago today, an atom bomb" class='external' title="http://www.answers.com/topic/atom bomb was dropped on the Japanese town of hiroshima" class='external' title="http://www.answers.com/topic/hiroshima, killing and maiming some 140,000 civilians. This was the first time an atomic bomb was used in a military action. Three days later, a second bomb was dropped on nagasaki nagasaki" class='external' title="http://www.answers.com/topic/nagasaki nagasaki, effectively bringing world war ii" class='external' title="http://www.answers.com/topic/world war ii to an end. "little boy" class='external' title="http://www.answers.com/topic/little boy" was dropped by enola gay" class='external' title="http://www.answers.com/topic/enola gay on Hiroshima; on August 9, 1945, bockscar" class='external' title="http://www.answers.com/topic/bockscar dropped "fat man" class='external' title="http://www.answers.com/topic/fat man" on Nagasaki.

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Answers.com > http://www.answers.com/main/what_content.jsp> http://www.answers.com/main/reference.jsp> http://www.answers.com/library/Columbia+Encyclopedia-cid-5084atomic bomb or A-bomb, weapon deriving its explosive force from the release of atomic energy through the fission (splitting) of heavy nuclei (see nuclear energy)" class='external' title="http://www.answers.com/topic/nuclear energy). The first atomic bomb was produced at the Los Alamos, N.Mex., laboratory and successfully tested on July 16, 1945. This was the culmination of a large U.S. army program that was part of the manhattan project" class='external' title="http://www.answers.com/topic/manhattan project, led by Dr. Robert j robert oppenheimer" class='external' title="http://www.answers.com/topic/j robert oppenheimer. It began in 1940, two years after the German scientists Otto Hahn and Fritz Strassman discovered nuclear fission. On Aug. 6, 1945, an atomic bomb was dropped on hiroshima" class='external' title="http://www.answers.com/topic/hiroshima with an estimated equivalent explosive force of 12,500 tons of TNT, followed three days later by a second, more powerful, bomb on nagasaki nagasaki" class='external' title="http://www.answers.com/topic/nagasaki nagasaki. Both bombs caused widespread death, injury, and destruction, and there is still considerable debate about the need to have used them.

Atomic bombs were subsequently developed by the USSR (1949; now Russia), Great Britain (1952), France (1960), and China (1964). A number of other nations, particularly India, Pakistan, Israel, and North Korea now have atomic bombs or the capability to produce them; South Africa formerly possessed a small arsenal. The three smaller Soviet successor states that inherited nuclear arsenals (Ukraine, Kazakhstan, and Belarus) relinquished all nuclear warheads, which have been removed to Russia.

Atomic bombs have been designed by students, but their actual construction is a complex industrial process. Practical fissionable nuclei for atomic bombs are the isotopes uranium-235 and plutonium-239, which are capable of undergoing chain reaction" class='external' title="http://www.answers.com/topic/chain reaction. If the mass of the fissionable material exceeds the critical mass (a few pounds), the chain reaction multiplies rapidly into an uncontrollable release of energy. An atomic bomb is detonated by bringing together very rapidly (e.g., by means of a chemical explosive) two subcritical masses of fissionable material, the combined mass exceeding the critical mass. An atomic bomb explosion produces, in addition to the shock wave accompanying any explosion, intense neutron and gamma radiation, both of which are very damaging to living tissue. The neighborhood of the explosion becomes contaminated with radioactive fission products. Some radioactive products are borne into the upper atmosphere as dust or gas and may subsequently be deposited partially decayed as radioactive fallout" class='external' title="http://www.answers.com/topic/fallout far from the site of the explosion.

See nuclear disarmament" class='external' title="http://www.answers.com/topic/nuclear disarmament; hydrogen bomb" class='external' title="http://www.answers.com/topic/hydrogen bomb; nuclear strategy" class='external' title="http://www.answers.com/topic/nuclear strategy; and nuclear weapon" class='external' title="http://www.answers.com/topic/nuclear weapon; see also nuclear energy" class='external' title="http://www.answers.com/topic/nuclear energy.

Bibliography

See G. Herken, The Winning Weapon (1988) and Brotherhood of the Bomb (2002); R. Rhodes, The Making of the Atomic Bomb (1986); R. Serber, The Los Alamos Primer: The First Lectures on How to Build an Atomic Bomb (1992); R. Fermi et al., Picturing the Bomb: Photographs from the Secret World of the Manhattan Project (1995); P. B. Hales, Atomic Spaces: Living on the Manhattan Project (1997).

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A nuclear weapon" class='external' title="http://www.answers.com/topic/nuclear weapon whose enormous explosive power results from the sudden release of energy" class='external' title="http://www.answers.com/topic/energy from a nuclear fission" class='external' title="http://www.answers.com/topic/nuclear fission reaction. (See also hiroshima" class='external' title="http://www.answers.com/topic/hiroshima, hydrogen bomb" class='external' title="http://www.answers.com/topic/hydrogen bomb, nagasaki nagasaki" class='external' title="http://www.answers.com/topic/nagasaki nagasaki, andstrategic arms limitation talks" class='external' title="http://www.answers.com/topic/strategic arms limitation talks [http://www.answers.com/topic/salt].)

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IN BRIEF: v. - Explosive device with nuclear weapons.

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Dansk (Danish)

n. - A-bombe, atombombe

Nederlands (Dutch)

atoombom

Français (French)

n. - bombe atomique, bombe A

Deutsch (German)

n. - Atombombe

Ελληνική (Greek)

n. - ατομική βόμβα

Italiano (Italian)

bomba atomica

Português (Portuguese)

n. - bomba atômica

Русский (Russian)

атомная бомба

Español (Spanish)

n. - bomba atómica

Svenska (Swedish)

n. - atombomb

中文（简体） (Chinese (Simplified))

原子弹

中文（繁體） (Chinese (Traditional))

n. - 原子彈

한국어 (Korean)

n. - 원자폭탄

日本語 (Japanese)

n. - 原爆, 原子爆弾

العربيه (Arabic)

‏(الاسم) قنيله ذريه‏

עברית (Hebrew)

n. - ‮פצצת אטום‬

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