The first prototypes were manufactured by the Armalite Division of the Fairchild Aircraft Company. However, they ended up selling the patent to Colt, who went on to be the primary manufacturer of the M16 rifle. Fabrique Nationale USA also manufactured M16 rifles for the US Military. Under licence, it is or was manufactured by Diemaco (now Colt Canada), Chartered Industries of Singapore, and Daewoo Heavy Industries.
I believe that Colt has the government contract to produce the M16 for the US military.
The M16 and the M4 are the US designations for the AR-15 pattern of rifles.
If you mean the US Army, the M16 and the M4 variant of the M16.
The US military's primary infantry weapon for training is the M16. Just remember that when you enter bootcamp that you dont call the M16 your "gun".. The M16 is your "weapon"
The military just followed there nomenclature because the previous US military battle rifle was the m-14.
The standard assault rifle for the US Armed Forces is the M16, the Marines first created the M16A4 the newest version of the M16, before 2011 the US Army were using the M16A3 but now they are adapting the M16A4. Although the M4A1 carbine is being used more by the US military now then the M16. In about 10 years the M4 is to be replaced.
The M16 is the US Army's choice of assault rifle since 1964, however, as early as 1960 its prototype, the XM16E1, was seen on the frontlines.
The M16 "jungle rifle" replaced the M14 US service rifle on or about 1967; but wasn't fully transitioned into US units world wide until the end of the Vietnam War in 1975.
When they feel it necessary to do so.
To help the nation's manufactures.
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During a time which the US military was fielding a .30 weapon (M14 rifle), jungle warfare required a weapon that was lighter and could "put the lead out." The M16 could do this. Consequently, the M16 was sent to Vietnam as a jungle rifle; all other US forces (army, marines, navy, air force was the only exception) retained their M14 rifles around the world. ONLY troops in Vietnam received the jungle rifle (M16). Until after 1970...then the M16 began to replace the M14s.