Cleisthenes in 507 BCE.
Athens had many leader over the centuries. Which period did you mean?
Both states had limited democracies - with citizens being adult males who voted during assemblies on motions put before them. For a short period Athens had a radical democracy, with the citizens voting on issues each fortnight, a councilt carrying out their decisions, and juries deciding on law cases.
Pericles (495 BC - 429 BC). He was a statesman and general in Athens. During his time Athens gained a lot of fame, This period in time is known as the Golden Age or the Age of Pericles.
In the democratic period, they met in assembly and divided and were counted on motions raised.
The Golden Age in the second half of the 5th Century BCE when Athens established an empire and used the proceeds to glorify the city and promote culture and learning.
Sparta's government was an oligarchy. An oligarchy is where a few citizens have a say in the government.
Over a period of a thousand years it went from Monarchy to Oligarchy to Tyranny to Oligarchy to Limited Democracy to Direct Democracy to broad-based Oligarchy to Direct Democracy to Oligarchy to Direct Democracy etc etc.
The Republic.
It started as monarchy, replaced by oligarchy, then tyranny, then limited democracy, democracy, radical democracy, and reverted to limited democracy, then oligarchy, then limited democracy, over a period of a thousand years.
Japan was an oligarchy in the Meiji period that lasted until 1912.
In the democratic period, by decisions of the citizens in fortnightly assemblies, implemented by the Council of 500.
First an oligarchy headed by Cimon after the Persian invasion, then briefly Ephialtes who brought back democratic government, then Perricles until his death from the plague, then a series of populists who led the city decline.
Minamoto
By that period it was an oligarchy, not a monarchy.
A constitutional monarchy controlled by an aristocratic oligarchy.
The Golden Age of Greece is the period in which Greek culture reached its peak.< (this sentence was made by Terrell Howard) HUMANITIES WORK
The government might have done it by making Athens men and women do physical trainingAlso, the government changed day by day making men and women more aware of things going on around them.Another View:The government of Athens during the democratic period was by the citizens meeting in Assembly each fortnight, where they considered and debated matters raised by the Council and other citizens. They voted on the issues and the Council simply carried out the decisions.The 'government' was therefore the adult male citizens. They were free to do what they liked, and did. Education was done within the family, so they again did what they individually chose to do. So the educational 'system' was not open to direction by a 'government'.