In addition to his Republican opponent, Thomas Dewey, President Truman faced two members of his own Democratic Party who ran under separate party endorsement:
Senator Strom Thurmond (D-SC), Dixiecrat Party
Former FDR Vice-President (1941-1945) Henry A. Wallace, Progressive Party
Senator Thurmond carried four Southern states, for a total of 39 electoral votes. Wallace didn't win any states.
There have been nine Presidents who did not win a presidential election before becoming President including four who won presidential elections after becoming President. The Vice Presidents who replaced the first four Presidents to die in office never won a presidential election. The Vice Presidents who replaced the other four Presidents who died in office won re-election at the ends of the terms in which they assumed office. Gerald Ford, however, was appointed to the vice presidency after Vice President Agnew resigned in 1973, and he ascended to the presidency when President Nixon resigned in 1974. He ran for re-election in 1976 but lost to Jimmy Carter, so he never won either a presidential election OR a vice-presidential election.
Thomas E. Dewey
He was unpopular throughout much of his first term, and the mid-term elections in 1946 were a disaster. The fringe of the Democratic Party, led by Henry Wallace, split, as they angry over Truman's foreign policy and Wallace launched his own campaign. Then during the Democratic National Convention, the large number of (racist) Southern Democratics, nicknamed the "Dixiecrats", walked out after Northern Democrats sucessfully managed to get the party to support Civil Rights. Their leader, Sen. Strom Thurmond, also launched a campaign, hoping to take away votes from the solidly Democratic South. Together, Thurmond and Wallace took 5% of the vote, while Truman won 5% more of the votes than Dewey. All polls and pundits had predicted that Truman would lose; the economy and domestic politics had been in a mess throughout his presidency. By the time election day came, it seemed no-one believed Truman could win apart from Truman himself. Even his wife thought he would lose, yet he continue to tell everyone he met he knew he could win.
Harry S. Truman was elected president in 1944. President Truman died in 1972 at the age of 88 in Kansas City, Missouri.
In 1948, Republican Thomas Dewey was projected as the winner. The Chicago Daily Tribune famously published a "Dewey wins" headline. There's a famous picture of the actual winner, Harry Truman, holding up that newspaper while celebrating his victory.
The Democratic Party candidates in the 1944 presidential election were Incumbent President Franklin D. Roosevelt for President and Harry S. Truman for Vice President. Incumbent President Franklin D. Roosevelt won reelection in the 1944 presidential election defeating Thomas Dewey. Franklin D. Roosevelt died April 12, 1945. He was succeeded by Harry S. Truman.
1948
Democratic Party candidate Harry Truman won the 1948 presidential election defeating Republican Party candidate Thomas Dewey.
Truman 1948, LB Johnson 1964
Adlai Stevenson
1944
The 1948 presidential election was won by the Democratic Party led by Harry S. Truman. Truman received a total of 303 electoral votes, not 39. His victory was considered a major upset, as many polls had predicted a win for his Republican opponent, Thomas E. Dewey.
There was no Presidential election that year.
Harry Truman won the 1948 presidential election defeating Thomas Dewey. In the 1948 presidential election Harry Truman received 303 electoral votes and Thomas Dewey received 189 electoral votes. The popular vote totals were Truman 24,179,345 and Dewey 21,991,291. Truman's victory was one of the greatest election upsets in American history. Virtually every prediction indicated Dewey would defeat Truman.
1948 Truman-Dewey
Harry Truman won the 1948 presidential election defeating Thomas Dewey. In the 1948 presidential election Democratic Party candidate Harry Truman received 303 electoral votes, Republican Party candidate Thomas Dewey received 189 electoral votes, and Dixiecrat Party candidate Strom Thurmond received 39 electoral votes. The popular vote totals were Truman 24,179,345, Dewey 21,991,291, and Thurmond 1,169,021. Progressive Party candidate Henry A. Wallace received 1,157,172 popular votes for President, but no electoral votes.
The Chicago Times headline read, "Dewey Defeats Truman!"