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There were a number of reasons why Hitler attacked the Soviet Union along the eastern front. None of the reasons seems quite logical or reasonable today.

Hitler's book, Mein Kampf ('My Struggle'), described his belief that the Slavs were occupying land that rightfully belonged to the Germans. He believed that Greater Germany needed room to live and grow ('lebensraum').

Although he had a mutual non-aggression treaty with Stalin, Hitler had grown frustrated with the war in the west. He and his military leaders thought that they could cause Britain to sue for peace with bombing and submarine warfare, but by 1942 this had not occurred. He therefore shifted military resources to the east, even though he had hoped to not fight a two front war.

Hitler felt (correctly) that the Stalin regime was weak from numerous purges and that people in the central and eastern European republics (Ukraine, Belarus, etc.) would not fight for Stalin, which proved mostly false. He wanted to take the oil fields in what is now Iran and Iraq. He wanted the gas fields in Ukraine.

He also felt that Communism was totally at odds with National Socialism, and represented the greatest ongoing threat to European security.

No matter the reason, what ensued was a horrifying year-long drive deep into the Soviet territory, deaths of many millions, and finally the two-year Soviet counteroffensive campaign that destroyed nearly everything in its path to Berlin.

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Q: Why did Hitler open up the eastern front?
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