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Stalin was determined to capture West Berlin and gain concessions from the West
The first move was when Joseph Stalin (leader of Russia) ordered the blockage of the land route from Berlin to west Germany. (The Berlin wall.)
Stalin
Stalin wanted to weaken Germany in revenge of what Germany did to it in ww2 .not only that but Stalin wanted to make his part particularly Berlin a communist country contradicting the west Germany which was democratic.Stalin blockaded the western side of Berlin in an effort to force the United States, Great Britain and France to abandon those parts of West Berlin that they occupied after World War 2. He hoped that by preventing food and supplies from reaching West Berlin, he would starve the Allies out of the city.Stalin controlled eastern Germany and the city of Berlin was like an island within that section. Stalin blockaded west Berlin by having fences built all the way around it. He then closed down all borders into West Berlin thereby isolating it from the rest of the surrounding eastern Germany. (The "Berlin Wall was not built until 1963 by Nikita Khrushchev.)Stalin's hope of starving the Allies out of West Berlin were foiled by the Berlin Airlift, when the Allies flew supplies into West Berlin. Stalin relented and reopened all borders.If you mean split Berlin, it was because the Western Allies took the other half of Germany and Berlin.Stalin blockaded the western side of Berlin in an effort to force the United States, Great Britain and France to abandon those parts of West Berlin that they occupied after World War 2. He hoped that by preventing food and supplies from reaching West Berlin, he would starve the Allies out of the city.Stalin controlled eastern Germany and the city of Berlin was like an island within that section. Stalin blockaded west Berlin by having fences built all the way around it. He then closed down all borders into West Berlin thereby isolating it from the rest of the surrounding eastern Germany. (The "Berlin Wall was not built until 1963 by Nikita Khrushchev.)Stalin's hope of starving the Allies out of West Berlin were foiled by the Berlin Airlift, when the Allies flew supplies into West Berlin. Stalin relented and reopened all borders.
Stalin blockaded the border between East Germany and West Germany, cutting off rail and road shipments of supplies to West Berlin. He hoped this would starve West Berlin into surrendering to his control. The Berlin Airlift was performed to bring in supplies by air and prevent Stalin from succeeding in his plans.
Stalin started the Berlin Blockade in 1948 as a first step in a plan to pull West Germany into the Soviet sphere of influence. He expected West Berlin to eventually begin accepting supplies from Soviet East Germany, effectively bringing all of Berlin under Soviet control. He believed that if he could control Berlin, West Germany would soon follow.
The Berlin Airlift
How the Soviet's react to the blockade
Stalin tried to force the Allies out of Berlin, Germany by cutting it off from contact with the west. The Berlin Airlift project enabled the Allies to supply their portions of the city and remain there despite Stalin's efforts to the contrary.
The Berlin Airlift was a factor, supplies were flown in during Stalin's blockade.
You probably mean Berlin airlift. Stalin felt it a problem that the people living in the Russian zone could see the prosperity in the other three zones (French, British, American). As he could not remove the Allies from Berlin, he ordered to close all the railroads, roads and canals that entered West Berlin through the Russian zone.This way he wanted to cut off all the supplies of food and fuel as well. In West Berlin, the only way to provide for themselves was to fly in supplies - it was called the Berlin airlift. Fortunately Stalin did not dare to shoot down the planes. This situation went on for 11 months when Stalin gave in. After the removal of the blockade, the three zones in West Berlin united and formed the German Federal Republic.
In 1948 and 1949, Stalin decided to impose a blockade on West Berlin as part of an overall plan to bring West Berlin, then the whole of the western portion of Germany (still occupied by French, British, and American forces), into union with Soviet-controlled East Germany. By closing land-access to West Berlin, Stalin considered that the city would soon require Soviet assistance and thereby come under Soviet control.