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Why did roman empire expand?

Updated: 9/18/2023
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13y ago

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The vast majority of the Roman Empire's territory was conquered during the period of the Roman Republic (509-31B.C.E.).

The major driving forces for Rome's expansion was its senators. The political system of the republic was geared towards war. Roman politicians, typically consuls, acted as generals for the Roman army, and through war they gained wealth and glory, which translated into political power in Rome.

The Roman government was run by senators constantly vying for one of the various political offices, specifically the major goal for all senators was to become consul, the top political position. Typically these offices were held for a term of one year, and there were only two consul positions available per year. This short time frame was supposed to prevent any single individual from gaining too much power within the Roman government, which worked out pretty well until the last century or so of the republic. These short terms also created a very limited opportunity for those in office to get the most out of that office. Because of this, Rome was at war constantly in order to supply the ever present need to attain glory. There was never a shortage of wars. During the entire period of the republic, nearly 500 years, Rome was not at war for a total of 2 years.

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