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Why do antibiotics that interfere with cell wall synthesis have a high specificity and are more likely to be low in toxicity to host organisms?
Wiki User
∙ 16y ago
They have a high specificity because the main target with regard to bacterial cell wall synthesis is peptidoglycan. This is not endogenous to humans and thus drugs which interfere with cell wall synthesis in bacteria are rather specific. The normal types of drugs that act in this way are penicillins or beta lactam drugs. They are bacteriocidal as they break down cell walls of existing bacteria. There exact mechanism of action is; they bind to the binding sites on bacterium and inhibit the transpeptidation enzyme that cross links the peptide chains attached to the backbone of the peptidoglycan. Penicillins can however cause some side effects and are not completely without toxicity (n.b. anaphalatic shock). Resistance caused by beta lactamase enzymes is of great prevalance nowadays and to get around this combination drugs which incorporate beta lactamase inhibitors as well as penicllin are used. e.g. augmentin = amoxycillin + clavulamic acid
Wiki User
∙ 16y ago
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What antibiotics does not interfere with cell wall synthesis?
macrolides
What antibiotics inhibit DNA synthesis?
penicillin
What antibiotics inhibit RNA synthesis?
a big banana
What is an antimicrobial drug that does not interfere with protein synthesis?
Trimethoprim
What two ways are antibiotics created?
the first is by synthesis from natural organisms like molds from bread and enzymes from plant proteins. the other way is by genetic modification from known compounds created from chemicals
What is the synthesis of a annelid worm?
Synthesis means how organisms build necessary molecules
Why are mycoplasmas resistant to antibiotics that interfere with cell wall synthesis?
Mycoplasma is a genus of bacteria which lack a cell wall.[1] Without a cell wall, they are unaffected by many common antibiotics such as penicillin or other beta-lactam antibiotics that target cell wall synthesis. They can be parasitic or saprotrophic. Several species are pathogenic in humans, including M. pneumoniae, which is an important cause of atypical pneumonia and other respiratory disorders, and M. genitalium, which is believed to be involved in pelvic inflammatory diseases.
Why do protein synthesis inhibitor a.k.a antibiotics affect bacteria only but not human cells?
most of the antibiotics kill or inactivate bacteria by inhibitting the protein synthesis... protein synthesis consists of 'transcription' and 'translation'.. the translation process requiers mRNA and ribosomes.Human(eukaryotic) ribosome is different from bacterial(prokaryotic) ribosome... Antibiotics inhibit the protein synthesis by altering the ribosomal constitution.Since human ribosomes are different from bacterial ribosome,the substances which are harmful to bacterial ribosome doesn't harm human ribosomes.. Thus human cells are immune to antibiotics..
What has the author Ernest Frederick Gale written?
Ernest Frederick Gale has written: 'Promotion and prevention of synthesis in bacteria [by] Ernest F. Gale' -- subject(s): Antibiotics, Micro-organisms, Effect of drugs on 'The molecular basis of antibiotic action [by] E.F. Gale [and others]' -- subject(s): Antibiotics
What has the author Horst Kleinkauf written?
Horst Kleinkauf has written: 'Biochemistry of Peptide Antibiotics' -- subject(s): Biotechnology, Beta lactam antibiotics, Synthesis, Microbial peptides, Peptide antibiotics
Why do plants and animal and other organisms need nitrogen?
Nitrogen is required by plants and animals for protein synthesis
Which is the only organism that prepares its own food?
Photosynthetic organisms "prepare" food by synthesis from light thus Photo-synthesis.. synthesis means to make, to produce.
