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Because enzymes can only catalyse reactions of molecules with specific shapes. Glucose, galactose and fructose all have different shapes, so they need to undergo different reactions in order to be metabolised.

All sugars are converted to fructose phosphate before metabolism begins. This happens to fructose by phosphorylating it directly, to glucose by phosphorylating glucose, then converting the glucose phosphate to fructose phosphate, and to galactose by converting the galactose to glucose.

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Q: Why do molecules of glucose galactose and fructose react differently during metabolism?
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