Because white light is made up of all the colors of the spectrum, and an object that appears red in color is simply reflecting the color red, a white object refects all the colors of the spectrum while black objects reflect no colors at all.
because the prism splits the white light into all colors of visible light
Red. The colour of an object is determined by the wavelengths of light it reflects and absorbs, and a white object is one that reflects light across the visible spectrum. If only red light shines on it, it will reflect that light. In contrast, a black object appears black because it doesn't reflect any visible wavelengths, so would still appear black. Any object that doesn't reflect the wavelength of light you're using (eg blue objects) would also appear black because it isn't reflecting any light.
white
White.
White.
blue
because the prism splits the white light into all colors of visible light
red
Red. The colour of an object is determined by the wavelengths of light it reflects and absorbs, and a white object is one that reflects light across the visible spectrum. If only red light shines on it, it will reflect that light. In contrast, a black object appears black because it doesn't reflect any visible wavelengths, so would still appear black. Any object that doesn't reflect the wavelength of light you're using (eg blue objects) would also appear black because it isn't reflecting any light.
white
The white light splits into a spectrum.the original colors will appear. This is referred as REFRACTION.
White.
White.
A white object emits light in all/most of the visible spectrum evenly.Because it reflects all the light back.
Pink.
If you shone monochromatic light on a diffraction grating it would alternate bright and dark bands. Only white light white light shone through a diffraction grating would produce a band of colors.
it will be black