for sake of safety and protection the high voltage transmission lines are erected in less populated areas ie. villages , these lines have operating voltages about 220kv , 440kv , 132 kv( high tension lines) . while in cities the voltage is distributed at low voltages ( about 11kv(industry) , 440v residential ) because of safety issue . since corona loss highly depends on the operating voltage of lines thats why it is mostly seen in villages.
Due to corona effect virtually conductor size is increase and therefor resistance in transmission line is decreases.so I2R losses will decreases...
A: Transmission lines while there is ceramic insulators providing separation to the phases will have a corona if the insulators are dirty providing small current leakage ionizing the air around it therefore corona effect.
Because of the high value of traveling voltage in the TX lines theair around it actually ionizes and cause the current to flow in the surrounding and because of that ionization ozone gas is produced
The virtual diameter of the conductor becomes greater to carry more current
That transmission is all computer controlled. No vacuum lines on it.
there are some distortion in transmission line : copper loss,dielectric loss,skin effect
Bundled conductors are used to reduce the effect of corona. As in place of a single conductor. two conductors are used in parallel the voltage gradient build up is less and thus the ionisation of the surrounding air is decreased. Therefore the effect of corona is reduced.
Heat is generated due to resistive losses when a current flows. Noise is either from vibration or corona effect in case of high voltage lines
Corona is a pale blue discharge caused by an intense electric field breaking down the insulating properties of air. It normally occurs at sharp corners or points on energised high-voltage conductors, where the electric field is particularly intense. It can also occur at the surface of single, narrow, conductors -which is why very high-voltage transmission line conductors are bundled in groups of two (e.g. 275-kV lines in the UK) or more (e.g. four in the case of 400-kV lines in the UK).So a corona is caused by voltage (electric fields) , whether a load current (magnetic fields) is flowing or not. So a load is not neccessary for corona discharge to occur.
No, Not on that year. That trans. is computer controled.
When the distance between two conductors is more than that of the diameter and the potential difference is increased beyond the certain limit in such a way so that a glow ( seems like violet and shine ) is produced around the conductor and also noise is produced. This kind of effect called the Corona Effect in power systems. As the potential difference is increased, Corona Effect is also increased, and due to Corona Effect, Power loss in power system and disturbance in the nearer communication line is also increased.
One reason is that since the electrons travel on the surface of the transmission lines there is more surface area when conductors are bundled thereby reducing resistance to current flow thereby reducing the voltage drop across the transmission path. In extra high voltage line an electrical discharge formed by ionization of fluids surrounded by the conductor which is highly energized , so energized that it creates electrical conduction but not high enough to electrical breaking or arcing surrounding objects. this phenomenon is called corona losses.to prevent this corona loss bundle conductor is used.