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The primary reasons so few women and other diverse people have served on the US Supreme Court is past discrimination and the justices' long tenure on the Court.

Some of the other groups previously excluded from serving were Jews, Italians, African-Americans, Latinos, and many other people who are part of our rich cultural tapestry.

To put things in perspective, the US Supreme Court has seated only 112 justices in the entire history of the Court -- that's 221 years (as of December 31, 2010). For most of that time, the country was dominated by white, protestant males. This is reflected in the historical composition of the Court.

The Civil Rights Movement, which many of us associate solely with African-Americans, helped break down barriers preventing all so-called "minority groups" from fully participating in government. But the change is recent, slow and ongoing.

Seven Jewish people, two African-Americans, four women, and one Latina doesn't seem to represent much diversity, but considering how recently these people were considered viable candidates, and how infrequently a vacancy opens on the Supreme Court, the statistics are actually positive.

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Q: Why have only four women served on the US Supreme Court?
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