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Isocitrate Dehydrogenase transforms isocitrate into alpha-ketoglutarate and is an important step in the citric acid cycle. This enzyme utilises NAD+ as a co-enzyme, NAD+ also acts as an allosteric inhibitor increasing the enzymes affinity for substrates. High ADP, High turn over of this enzyme meaning more citric acid cyle. Which in turn results in the high energy carriers that are donate electrons to the electron transport chain involved in pumping protons in the mitochondria.
Also Pyruvate dehydrogenase (pyruvate --> acety CoA) is an irreversible step which links glycolosis to the citric acid cycle, this too has its activity increased by ADP
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What will damage in mitochondrial DNA have the most effect on?
Damage in mitochondrial DNA will have the most effect on cellular respiration. This is due to the fact that the surface area will be damaged.
Which of the following occurs in the light dependent process?
ADP converts to ATP.
What happens to the ADP molecule produced when ATP loses a phosphate during and energy transfer?
The Answer is: the Energy from cellular respiration is used to convert ADP back to ATP.
How does the cell use the charge differences that build up across the inner mitochondrial membrane during cellular respiration?
The inner mitochondrial membrane contains enzymes known as ATP synthases.
What process of cellular respiration would be interrupted if the inner mitochondrial membranes were damaged?
ATP Synthesis and Chemiosmosis
Is ADP a product of cellular respiration?
No, ATP is a product. ADP assists in the creation of ATP in cellular respiration.
What is ATP converted to in respiration?
ADP + Pi
What is the enzyme that restore adp back to ATP?
The enzyme that converts adenosine diphosphate back into adenosine triphosphate is called 'ATP synthase'.
Which is a correct association of mitochondrion structure and respiration?
The citric acid cycle of aerobic respiration occurs in the mitochondrial matrix, and oxidative phosphorylation (electron transport) occurs in the mitochondrial cristae.
What word is used to describe organisms which use oxygen in their cellular respiration pathways?
Oxidative phosphorylation. In this process ATP is synthesized from ADP that is coupled to the operation of the mitochondrial electron transport system.
What is role is ATP and ADP play in cells?
ATP and ADP are used in cellular respiration to produce sugars. (ATP= energy)
During cellular respiration acetyl coA accumulates in what location?
mitochondrial matrix
What are the two basic parts of cellular respiration?
aerobic and anaerobic or cytoplasmic and mitochondrial
The formation of ATP from ADP OS what kind of reaction?
Chemical, in respiration.
What two cellular processes energize ADP to ATP?
Photosynthesis and respiration
What will damage in mitochondrial DNA have the most effect on?
Damage in mitochondrial DNA will have the most effect on cellular respiration. This is due to the fact that the surface area will be damaged.
How does mitochondrial energy harvest work?
Mitochondrial energy is harvested from fermentation and cellular respiration. This breaks down the nutrients and turns them into glucose molecules and then to energy.
