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The peace of Augsburg said that principalities in the Holy Roman Empire would follow the religion of the ruler. Spain, once it had thrown the Muslims out was never part of the Holy Roman Empire, but was Catholic from that point on, and the Kings of Spain used the Inquisition to keep the protestant revolutionaries from causing the death and destruction that they had caused elsewhere. Italy was part of the Holy Roman Empire but its rulers were always Catholic.

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Q: Why is northern Europe mainly lutheran while southern Europe is mainly roman catholic?
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Northern Europe had more protestants than Southern Europe, as Southern Europe remained Catholic/Orthodox. Scandinavia, Prussia, and Britain is mostly protestant while Germany, Italy, and Spain are mostly Catholic and Greece is mostly Orthodox


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