With the destruction of the Jerusalem Temple in 70 CE, these two emerging traditions struggled to establish legitimacy. Christianity, as it would become known, sought to demonstrate that it was the true successor to Temple Judaism, just as rabbinic Judaism did. We can see in the succession of gospels, from the first New Testament gospel, Mark, to the last, John, that ill-feelings between Christianity and rabbinic Judaism increased quite rapidly over the decades. The Jews, in return banned Christians from entering the synagogues around 95 CE and required worshippers to prove their allegiance by condemning Christians.
The Jews had rejected Christianity and it became a religion for gentiles, with the fulfilment of Old Testament prophecies more a matter of demonstrating the antiquity of the faith's underlying beliefs. Even today, this is an underlying message in portraying the life of Jesus as fulfilling the Old Testament.
Christians did not break away from the Catholic Church, they remained Christians, protestants broke away from the Catholic Church in the 16th century.
Answer Continuation: Christians have as part of their scripture the writings of Judaism (called the Old Testament in the christian Bible). Break: Christians accept Jesus as the Messiah, while Jews believe the Messiah has not come yet.Answer Christianity is a continuation of Judaism because Christians worship the same God and use the Jewish scriptures as its Old Testament. Christianity is a break from Judaism because it rejects many of the principles of Judaism, creates a Holy Trinity in contrast to the strict monotheism of Judaism, introduces many new beliefs such Satan as the evil adversary of God, and hell; and radically reinterprets the Hebrew scriptures to suit a New Testament agenda.
The final act that caused the Jesus movement to completely break from Judaism was the addition of the claim of Jesus's divinity.Note: There would have been no issue with uncircumcised gentiles being in a synagogue. Prior to the advent of Christianity, Judaism was actually a popular religion amongst a large percentage of the Roman population. Many Romans lived as 'Noachides' which is a name given to gentiles who live according to the Noahide laws found in the Tanach (Jewish Bible). These Noachides would have studied with rabbis. Additionally, there is no record of Jews having to condemn Christians in synagogues.
Different Christians had different interpretations of the Bible, and split up. One major split was of the Church of England from the Roman Catholic church. Other churches have sprung up since then.
The main break in the Western Church was between the Catholics and the Protestants.
King Henry VIII of England, who split with Rome to found the Church of England.
That is a theological question in Judaism and is controversial.
The Church of England did not break away from the Eastern Orthodox Church, it broke from the Roman Catholic Church in 1534.
During the time of the communist regime the Church in the USSR was under severe persecution, at worst, and, at best just about tolerated. Since the break up of the USSR most of the states that are now independent have returned to their respective religions - eg the Islamic states have returned to Islam. As for the Christian Church, the Russian Orthodox Church is still thriving in what was officially an 'atheist' country under the communists, where Christians met in secrte for fear of persecution. The Russian Orthodox Church is now accepted by the new society and regime and is still the main Christian denomination in Russia.
Becket stood up against Henry II for the rights of the church against the demands of the state, one of many classes between the church and the crown. It was a precursor of Henry VIII's break with the church.
A complete break from the ubiquitous idolatry of the ancient world. Judaism represents belief in One God and in the Torah which He gave.
Some think the heathen population may have nicknamed them Christians out of jest or scorn, but The Bible shows that it was a God-given name; they "were by divine providence called Christians." (Acts 11:26)