Spain (in addition to Portugal) and Sicily were not able to fight off Islamic influence as much as other areas. Arabs were able to conquer and immigrate easier to these areas than other parts of Europe. They are also fairly close to Northern Africa/the Middle East, which is where Islam originates and thrives.
yes!
Southern Europe. Spain, Sicily.
There were at least eight Islamic universities in medieval Europe, including the following:CórdobaSevilleToledoGranadaMurciaAlmeríaValenciaCádizThese were all in Spain. There might have been others in Sicily, and possibly even elsewhere.There is a source link below.
No, Florence is in Northern Italy. Southern Europe would be Sicily, Spain, Portugal.
Hydraulics
Spain (al-Andulas), Sicily and Southern France
they farm and mine and fish and stuff like that
Most medieval queens in Europe were Christians. Some were not. Aside from those areas of Europe where there were pagans, there were well organized and sophisticated monarchies in Europe that were Muslim, such as those in Spain and Sicily.
The battle at Tours, France led by Charlemagne (I think it was Charlemagne) prevented Islamic expansion.
No, they never controlled a majority of Europe. From the 8th Century onwards they held Spain, Portugal, Sicily and parts of France and Italy for several centuries. They were finally driven out of Spain (from Grenada, their last stronghold) by Phillip III in 1614.
By the early 900s, Córdoba, Spain, was one of the wealthiest cities in Europe and a center of Islamic learning. Rich examples of Islamic architecture can still be seen in the city.
By the early 900s, Córdoba, Spain, was one of the wealthiest cities in Europe and a center of Islamic learning. Rich examples of Islamic architecture can still be seen in the city.