when India diverted the water to the the rajastan desert after partition there was no dam to improve the irrigation in punjab, bahawalpur and lower indus.
thus 8 million acres of land in Pakistan were affected by this loss of irrigation water. so to give Pakistan the irrigation water indus water treaty was necessary
when India diverted the water to the the rajastan desert after partition there was no dam to improve the irrigation in punjab, bahawalpur and lower indus.
thus 8 million acres of land in pakistan were affected by this loss of irrigation water. so to give pakistan the irrigation water indus water treaty was necessary
pakistan has signed the indus water treaty with india. :)
In 1960 it was organized by WAPDA [water and power development authority]
The treaty was necessary for relising the tension between to countries created by so called democreate INDIA.
using pollution :)
It is on Kishanganga River in Gurez valley. Kishanganga river is reffered to as Neelum River in Pakistan and it is a tributary of Jehlum River. Kishanganga river merges with Jehlum at Muzafferabad in POK. Jehlum River is a part of Indus Water System thus Kishanganga River comes under the purview of INDUS WATER TREATY ( signed in1960 between India and Pakistan)
The Arabian Sea.
The Indus Waters Treaty is a water-sharing treaty between Pakistan and India, brokered by the World Bank (then the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development).[1]The treaty was signed in Karachi on September 19, 1960 by Indian Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru and President of Pakistan Ayub Khan (President of Pakistan). The treaty was a result of Pakistani fear that since the source rivers of the Indus basin were in India, it could potentially create droughts and famines in Pakistan, especially at times of war. However, India did not revoke the treaty during any of three later Indo-Pakistani Wars.[2]Since the ratification of the treaty in 1960, India and Pakistan have not engaged in any water wars. Disagreements and disputes have been settled via legal procedures, provided for within the framework of the treaty. The treaty is considered to be one of the most successful watersharing endeavours in the world today even though analysts acknowledge the need to update certain technical specifications and expand the scope of the document to include climate change.[3]
Riverine forests are always located on banks of rivers . As there are many rivers in Pakistan specially in Punjab , hence such forests are present but decreasing as amount of water is decreasing in rivers which is out come of Indus Water treaty .
Ferozpur, which had the headworks of all the rivers in Pakistan, was given to India, but India agreed not to interfere in the water supply. On 1st April 1948, India stopped all the water coming into Pakistan due to which crops could not be irrigated. In May 1948, a temporary treaty was signed, according to which India would resume water supply in return for a sum of money. However, the water supply was still interfered with by India in the 1950s. In 1960, the Indus Water Treaty was signed, with the help of the World Bank, according to which Indus, Chenab and Jhelum were given to Pakistan while Ravi, Bias and Sutlej, were given to India.
the Indus river is for irrigation transportation
The Indus river shares its water with Pakistan and India. The River Multan goes along the Indian border, and connects to other rivers going into central India. It branches off along with a few other rivers to form the Indus - a much thicker river. The Indus then flows down into the Arabian sea.
The waters of the Indus Basin rivers had been used for irrigation purposes even before the development of the present canal system by British engineers in the early 19th century. There were numerous inundation canals in the Indus Valley, which diverted supplies directly from the rivers during the high flow periods, without any diversion works across the riverbed. The local community, tribes, or states managed these inundation canals. From the middle of the 19th century onwards, irrigation was gradually extended through the introduction of improved methods and the construction of diversion works across the rivers. A number of agreements for the sharing of river waters took place. The most significant of these have been the Indus Basin Treaty (1960) between India and Pakistan and the Water Apportionment Accord (1991) between the four provinces of Pakistan. In August 1947, when South Asia was divided into two independent countries, there existed in the area, one of the most highly developed irrigation systems in the world. The system catered to approximately 37 million acres of land, supplying it with the waters of the Indus rivers. All available water supplies were allocated to various princely States and provinces, in conformity with the principle of equitable apportionment of waters. The Indus System of Rivers in the Indus Basin comprises of the Indus and its five main tributaries i.e. Jhelum, Chenab, Ravi, Beas and Sutlej. They all combine into one river near Mithan Kot in Pakistan and flow into the Arabian Sea, south of Karachi. The total area of the Indus Basin is roughly 365,000 miles2 . Most of it lies in Pakistan and the remaining is part of occupied Jammu and Kashmir, India, China and Afghanistan. At the time of Independence, 31 out 37 million acres in Pakistan were irrigated. The boundary line between the two countries being partitioned was drawn without any regard to the existing irrigation works. It was, however, affirmed by the Boundary Commission. Representatives of the affected zones expressly agreed before the Arbitral Tribunal that the authorized zones in the common water supply would continue to be respected. 2.0 THE RATIONALE FOR THE INDUS WATER TREATY The water dispute between Pakistan and India began when on April 0