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Why were Confucius scholars and their texts diposed of under the qin dynasty?
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How did European scholars begin to interpret and value ancient learning?
European scholars began to interpret and value ancient learning when they realized that ancient texts held the answers to many things such as architecture.
How did the Turks conquest of the Byzantine Empire help contribute to the Renaissance?
During the 1300s, Turks had conquered much of the Byzantine Empire. Scholars seeking to escape the Turks fled to Italy. In their luggage these scholars carried rare, precious works of literature.Many of the works they brought to Italy were ancient classical writings, such as works by Greek thinkers. You may remember some of their names-Plato and Thucydides, for example. Europeans had thought that these ancient writings were lost forever. Excited by their return, scholars then went looking for ancient texts in Latin. They discovered many Latin texts in monasteries, where the monks had preserved works by Roman writers. As Italian scholars read the ancient texts, they rediscovered the glories of Greece and Rome. As a result, they longed for a renewal of classical culture.
Why did the Chinese dynasties rise and fall overtime?
The rises and downfalls of Chinese dynasties, according to Confucian scholars, occurred based on whether or not the ruler followed Confucian philosophy. For a dynasty to continue its reign, its rulers must be morally cultivated and stress to his people Confucian virtues (humanity, loyalty, righteousness, and sincerity), filiality, brotherly submission, social harmony, frugality, and respect for learning, law, and tax payments. All rulers should rule with the profound sense of ren (humaneness), which lies at the heart of Confucian teachings. Confucianism was the primary means of social advancement and moral formation. Confucian scholars saw rituals and music as ideal means to control people. Sacrifices ensured peace and fertility in the realm. An ideal method in having a continuously successful dynasty reigning, rulers should know and fully understand the Confucian canon, which included the "Five Classics" and the "Four Books." The Confucian classic texts form the basis of Confucian ethics, practice, and philosophical inquiry, and as the core texts for the imperial examinations they were memorized by every aspiring scholar. The Five Classics are The Classic of Changes (metaphysics and divination), The Classic of Documents/History (government), The Classic of Poetry (understanding the people), The Record of Ritual (etiquette and ritual), and The Spring and Autumn Annals (Confucius' own judgments). The sixth classic was The Classic of Music, which was lost by the Han dynasty. The Four Books are Analects (Confucius' sayings and conversations), Mencius (works of Confucius' follower, Mencius), Great learning (cultivation of the individual), and Doctrine of the Mean (interpenetration of cosmos and human morality). By the ninth century, thirteen classics had been identified and standardized. This included the Five Classics, Four Books, the Rites of Zhou, the Book of Etiquette and Ritual, three commentaries appended to the Spring and Autumn Annals, and the Er Ya (a dictionary). Dynasties fell because their rulers did not follow Confucian teachings and values. Selfishness, lack of respect, immorality, inhumane character, and greed led to the downfall of rulers, and eventually whole dynasties.
How did technology change the spiritual and intellectual lives of the Chinese under the tang dynasty?
Woodblock printing allowed buddhist texts such as the diamond sutra to spread among the population.
How did Muslims scholars help preserve learning from ancient world?
After Christianity became the state religion of the Roman Empire, Christian mobs, often led by the bishops, set about burning all literature that did not support the objectives of the Church. Many ancient texts were lost forever, as were nearly all the Gnostic Christian texts, at least until the Nag Hammadi disciveries of the twentieth century. In large parts of the Middle East, the Nestorians and Jacobites, who had been excluded from the Orthodox Church for alleged heresy, were outside the reach of Rome and were therefore free to follow their somewhat more tolerant teachings. By the time of the Muslim conquest, many of the most important ancient texts had survived under the protection of the Eastern Churches. The Nestorians and Jacobites continued to flourish for some centuries under Islamic rule, and provided many of the scholars of the early Islamic empire, teaching Muslim scholars the fundamentals of Greek scholarship. Whereas the Catholic-Orthodox Church had feared the damaging effect of non-Christian literature on innocent minds, the Muslims had no such concerns and made no attempt to destroy the ancient texts.
Did confucius write any books?
Confucius did not write any books himself. His teachings and philosophy were recorded and compiled by his followers and later generations into texts such as the Analects.
Do Hindus believe that the texts were received by scholars directly from God and passed onto generation by word of mouth?
Yes, and the scholars were sages.
Who were responsible for preserving the ancient classical texts?
Initially it was mainly the Alexandrian scholars, then during the Dark Ages, mainly the Muslim scholars.
Who were the renaissance scholars that studied classical texts?
Renaissance scholars who studied classical texts included figures like Petrarch, Lorenzo Valla, and Marsilio Ficino. These scholars were interested in reviving classical knowledge from ancient Greece and Rome to spark a cultural and intellectual rebirth in Europe during the Renaissance period.
What did Arab scholars preserve?
They preserved ancient scientific texts, plus Egyptian works etc
Who foretold that a new David would restore the chosen people?
There is no prophecy in the Hebrew Scriptures foretelling a "new David." Some scholars do read specific texts as foretelling the coming of a Messiah who will be a "Son of David." Other scholars read the same texts as referring to the nation of Israel itself. Since the earliest Christian Epistles were written, Christian scholars have read the Hebrew Scriptures "through the lens" of the gospel. That means that Christians intentionally look for texts in the Torah, Prophets and Writings that can be understood as foretelling the coming of the Messiah, who in their view is Jesus Christ. Scholars of other faiths would understand the same texts quite differently.
What was the effect of the migration of Greek scholars and texts to Italy following the Fall of Constantinople?
Bilbo baggins with nuggets
The Rosetta Stone is a large stone what?
It is a document printed in three texts that allowed scholars to read heiroglyphics.
How did Muslim scholars contribute to science and technology?
They collected, translated, and studied old texts on math, etc.
How did Muslim scholars contribute science and technology?
They collected, translated, and studied old texts on math, etc.
What was the book Confucius students published after his death?
The book published by Confucius' students after his death is called "The Analects" or "Lunyu" in Chinese. It is a collection of his teachings and dialogues with his disciples, compiled by his followers. The Analects became one of the most important texts of Confucianism and greatly influenced Chinese culture and philosophy.
How did the woodblock printing help Buddhism grow during the Tang dynasty?
It made it easier for Buddhists to spread their sacred texts.
