1. A strategy of fighting on interior lines, exposing the Persian forces to supply difficulties in a poor and hostile area of operations.
2. Superior land tactics, using terrain to offset the superior cavalry.
3. Superior naval tactics of engaging the Persian fleet in narrow waters.
Persia agreed to a peace treaty in 449 BCE in which Persia agreed to stay out of Greek waters.
Greeks were defeated (and won) over three thousand years. When exactly did you have in mind?
Three days of naval skirmishing which the Greeks lost. Their closure of the Thermopylae pass was designed to bring on a naval battle so that the inferior Greek fleet could have a chance of defeating the Persian one and so eliminate the Persian amphibious threat to the Greek cities, and also expose the Persian water supply line on which they were dependent.After this failure, they tried again in the strait of Salamis and won. Unable to support all their army with no sea supply, the Persias had to send half their army home, and the following year the Greeks were able to leave their cities now that the amphibious threat was eliminated, concentrate at Plataia, and defeat the depleted Persian army.
Greeks usually ate the same things as everyone else.
It was not the Greeks, it was the Macedonians, who used Greek and other mercenaries to support them. Alexander the great king of Macedonia, spent ten years taking over the Persian Empire. He did this in three major battles which broke coordinated Persian resistance, and then dealt with the outlying provinces one at a time.
Fishing, trade, warfare.
Salamis 480 BCE Plataia 479 BCE Mykale 479 BCE Eurymedon 466 BCE Cyprus 450 BCE
It was not the Greeks, it was the Macedonians, who used Greek and other mercenaries to support them. Alexander the Great king of Macedonia, spent ten years taking over the Persian Empire. He did this in three major battles which broke coordinated Persian resistance, and then dealt with the outlying provinces one at a time.
The Battle of Thermopylae .
The only major battle of the First Persian was was the Battle of Marathon. The Three Major Battles of the Second Persian War consisted of, first, Thermopylae. At Thermopylae, three hundred Spartans, and a token number of soldiers from other cities, most notably Thespians and Thebans, held a narrow mountain defile against the bulk of the Persian army for three days until they were betrayed by a fellow Greek and the Persians encircled them, and slaughtered them to the last man. This sacrificial holding action gave the Greek city-states time to muster their militia forces in strength. Second, came the sea battle at Salamis. The Athenian fleet lured the Persian navy into a trap in the straits, limiting the maneuverability of the Persian's superior numbers. By destroying the Persian ships, the Greeks were eliminating the Persian supply system, forcing the bulk of the army into a retreat across Greece, while the Greeks harassed them, guerrilla style along the way, finally mustering a credible land force to defeat them at the Battle of Plataea, the third battle. Coincidentally, on the same day as Plataea, Greek Marines finished off the rest of the Persian fleet who had beached their ships at Mycale. Once the remnants of the Persian forces retreated across the pontoon bridge that Xerxes built across the Dardanelles during his advance, the Greeks destroyed it, ending the Persian threat.
The Persians and the Greeks (Athens and Sparta). There were 2 wars and three famous battles. 1. 490Bc - Dareius (P) - Miltiades (G); the Greeks won in the battle at Matathon. 2. 480BC -Xerxes (P) - Leonidas (G); the Persians won at Thermopylai. 3. 480BC - Xerxes (P)-Themistocles (G); the Greeks won at Salamis.
Salamis 480 BCE, Plataea 479 BCE, Mycale 479 BCE.
Salamis 480 BCE, Plataea 479 BCE, Mycale 479 BCE.
They had superior strategies, engaging in battlegrounds where their armoured warriors were superior to the unarmoured Persian soldiers; and at sea, on narrow waters where the heavier Persian ships were strung out, exposing their flanks to the ramming attacks of the Greek ships. By keeping the Greek city-states in alliance, they were able to mount sea an land forces superior to the Persians for three decades, until the Persians tired of an unprofitable attempt to impose peace on the Greeks, and left them to go back to their usual fighting amongst themselves.
Renaissance humanists focused on three ideas of the Greeks. They were history, philosophy, and arts.
Three major ones - the sea battle of Salamis 480 BCE, the land battle of Plataia 479 BCE, and the sea-land battle of Mykale 479 BCE.
The Ionian revolt by the Greek city-states within the Persian Empire.499-493 BCE, which Persia put down. The Persian invasions to bring the Greek citiy-states under control of the Persian Empire 490-479 BCE which failed. The on-going efforts of the Delian League to protect themselves against renewed Persian dominance 478-449 BCE which Persia eventually agreed to cease.
The Greek force was there to bloc the Persian advance into southern Greece in order to precipitate a sea battle in the nearby strait of Artemesion in which the Greeks hoped to destroy the Persian navy and remove its threat to the Greek cities. The sea battle went on for three days, and the Greeks lost. The holding force at Thermopylae, no longer required, withdrew. The Spartan and Thespian contingents selflessly remained holding the pass to cover the withdrawal and were all killed.