See Numbers ch.13-14 for the answer.
According to The Bible, Moses sent twelve Israelites into Canaan as spies in order to assess the land and provide methods for invasion. The spies returned and ten of them made strongly negative reports saying that the land was unconquerable and to attempt to do so would be suicide. This led to the Israelite community rebelling against Moses and the Divine Will. As a punishment, God decides that all of the rebellious generation should not be allowed to enter the Promised Land and such an entry would be relegated to their descendants. God made the period forty years so that the generation would effectively die off. The two individuals excluded from this mandate were the two remaining spies, who had made positive reports.
Numbers 14:1-4
1 That night all the members of the community raised their voices and wept aloud. 2 All the Israelites grumbled against Moses and Aaron, and the whole assembly said to them, "If only we had died in Egypt! Or in this wilderness! 3 Why is the Lord bringing us to this land only to let us fall by the sword? Our wives and children will be taken as plunder. Wouldn't it be better for us to go back to Egypt?" 4 And they said to each other, "We should choose a leader and go back to Egypt."
Numbers 14:28-30
28 So tell them, 'As surely as I live, declares the Lord, I will do to you the very thing I heard you say: 29 In this wilderness your bodies will fall-every one of you twenty years old or more who was counted in the census and who has grumbled against me. 30 Not one of you will enter the land I swore with uplifted hand to make your home, except Caleb son of Jephunneh and Joshua son of Nun.
The Israelites entered the wilderness on the 16th of Nisan, 1312 BCE, the day after the Exodus. The spies (Numbers ch.13) were sent on the 29th of Sivan of the second year (Talmud, Taanit 29a). So your answer is that the spies were sent when the Israelites had been in the wilderness for one year and two-and-one-half months. See also:More about the Spies and other complaints
Forty years (Numbers ch.14)
Numbers ch.13-14.
The number of israelites killed in the wilderness were many. as the bible says the entire generation of people who made the golden calf walked and died in the wilderness.
Moses.
who were the people wandering in the wilderness
40 years, though technically they weren't called Jews yet. They were Israelites.
The trip could have been done in a month.
Manna
Presumably, yes.
AnswerAccording to the Bible, the Israelites were given manna and quail.
Yes as they had to look after their cattle, and collect manna.