It is possible but not very common.
Usually a bad carb will cause a non-start issue or it will shut off within minute or two if it has a stuck float valve causing it not to get gas.
A bad, stuck or dirty float needle inside the carburetor.
Carburetor float is stuck open.
Dirty or stuck open needle valve in carburetor.
Stuck floats or dirty needle valve.
Several things could make a carburetor backfire. The engine could be out of time. the carburetor could have a stuck float, or the engine could have a stuck valve.
If by "overloading" you mean flooding (too much fuel), two reasons are (1) the carburetor needle valve is "wide open" or the float is stuck in the open position.
It is probably a stuck needle valve for the float. Look under the carburetor for a round metal bowl with a bolt on the bottom. Unscrew the bolt and try to move the float up with your finger.
If you have fuel coming out of your air filter, then your carburetor bowl float is most likely gummed up an stuck. try tapping on the bowl, or you my need to take it off an clean it and the needle jet. How do you adjust air/fuel mix on a lawn mower motor?
Look for a crack on the fuel tank. If the system is garvity-fed (fuel tank is not attached to the carburetor and is above the carburetor level) look for cracks in the fule hose. Another likely possibility in a gravity-fed system is the fuel float stuck in the open postion, thus not stopping the fuel flow through the carburetor when the engine is off.
If the problem is with a lawn mower or small engine: There is more fuel than can be ignited by the spark plug. Possible culprits: bad spark plug or wire; clogged air filter; carburetor float stuck open; carburetor choke baffle stuck closed; carburetor settings need adjustment for leaner mixture. If the problem is your vehicle: There are too many variables including sensors, pumps, regulators, etc. It would be best to take it to a qualified mechanic.
The key word you used is "to". Does that mean that you've taken the gas line off and gas is not getting to the carburetor? Or that gas is not getting in the carburetor? If it is not getting to the carb then there is a blockage in the gas tank, gas line or gas filter. If it is getting to the carb and just not getting inside then it is probably a stuck float valve. Sometimes just a little tapping on the side of the bowl will free it up enough to work. If not, you will have to remove the carb and free up the stuck parts.
The starter is stuck.