If your engine is allowing raw oil into the exhaust, yes. An oil fouled catalytic converter does not perform it's job. But that's usually an indication of other problems as well.
More commonly, too much oil will cause increased pressure against the main seals or may damage the pan gasket. It can also contribute to foamy oil which can cause problems with lifters and create irregularities in the pressurized oil lines that maintain the main, rod and camshaft bearings.
not really, as long as it is at the right temperature, it will not be affected
Your catalytic converter is at the top of your motor at the exhaust manifold take out the 4 14mm screws that connect your converter to your manifold drop down out the bottom of engine and replace another really simple fix
There are no differences. High flow catalytic converters are not really high flow; the catalytic converters you have on your vehicle are as high flow as you need them to be. A "high" flow converter will either be of a larger diameter, or the inside is made in such a way that there is less restriction to exhaust flow.
YES IT WILL
This really is a job best performed by a muffler shop.
It will really mess up the fuel mileage,and driveability
Should you cut off the catalytic converter? No. But can you and will SOME vehicles actually benefit? Yes. It is illegal to remove any emmision control device from your vehicle in most if not all states. For countries such as Mexico where it is not illegal, some vehicles without downstream Oxygen sensors (after the catalytic converter) it can have some benefits. It is really the same benefit as a free flowing exhaust. Modern (97+) cars already have a free flowing design catalytic converter so there is no benefit to doing this.
You are dealing with 2 separate issues you need to look at. The pothole probably damaged a belt in the tire or knocked off a wheelweight or you might want to have the alignment checked. The blowing sound you describe is a plugged exhaust system. Either part of the exhaust system is smashed or the honeycomb matrix (the guts) of your catalytic converter are broken up. Hit the outside of the catalytic converter with a rubber hammer and see if you can hear rattling in your converter. Or possibly the Air tube has broken off the catalytic converter.
A clogged converter will cause an extreme loss in power, poor mileage, and hard starting. If it is clogged really, really, bad it may cause the engine to not even start.
Yes and no. It will smoke more at start up and if you really hammer on it. But just cruising down the highway no.
The catalytic converter is probably bad. It really isn't a big deal unless your car has to have emissions tests.
It is never going to run right with the converter removed. It is also illegal to operate a vehicle with the catalytic converter removed.