No. However if the car isn't pinging[1] it isn't needed.
[1] pinging (also called preignition, detonation, etc.) is when the air/fuel mix in the engine explodes before the spark plug sets it off. It often occurs under hard-strain situations, such as climbing a hill, heavy loads or fast acceleration. It sounds like someone rattling some pebbles in a coffee can. It is extremely bad for the engine and allowing it will damage the engine in short order.
The biggest difference is the 74 has energy absorbing bumpers that the 73 is lacking.
between the rear wheels
Someone put one on it.
check jbugs.com
NO
Mine didn't have any.
1974 was the first year of energy absorbing Beetle bumpers. You can't use earlier bumpers on 1974s.
Machine 7 or Just aircooled
correct it will fit. be sure to take lots of pictures before you pull all of the wires off. so you have a diagram of where they go after.
Call a locksmith he can make you one on the spot.
Replace the flasher relay if the lights come on but do not flash.
J C Wwitney has manuals