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Use of a diode across a DC electromagnetic device, such as a valve, is to counter the reverse voltage (EMF) caused by the collapse of the magnetic field when the power is turned off. If the diode were not present, the reverse voltage can become very large, even to thousands of volts or more, and it can damage the associated circuitry.

In this application, the anode is connected to the negative side, and the cathode is connected to the positive side. When power is applied, the diode does not conduct. When power is removed, and the inductor attempts to maintain the current flow by generating a reverse voltage, the diode conducts until the magnetic field collapses.

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