Did the Glorious Revolution overthrow James II and replace him with his son James?

Answer 1

No, The 'Glorious Revolution' of 1688 overthrew James II and replaced the monarchy with an interim government in which The House of Lords adopted the royal prerogatives (i.e. they became a collective 'acting king').

Within a year however, Parliament had agreed a treaty with William of Orange and his wife Mary who became the joint monarchy of William III and Mary II

The family tree is at the following link (all on one line, but couldn't fit on page):

http://www.geocities.com/paul_j_hurley@btinternet.com/

wikianswersimages/end_of_stuart_line.jpg

The names in Bold are the 'recognised' monarchs - see below.

As queen Anne lay dying, terrified that James would return, Parliament formally banned all Roman Catholics from the Succession and recognised the distant relative Sophia of Hannover (granddaughter to James I - VI of Scotland) as heir. However, as Sophia then died before Queen Anne did, making her son, George of Hannover the new King.

The dual system of Vi of Scotland and I of England came to an end in 1707 when Scotlands nominal independance was abolished in the Act of Union. The English numbering system was from thenceforth the only one used.

James II/VII 's son however continued to put up a fight. First, in 1689, James II himself tried to return from Exile in France by invading Ireland but was defeated at the Battle of the Boyne in 1690 and exiled once more.

His son, still using the 'dual title' of III of England and VIII of Scotland (refusing to recognise the Act of Union - but regarding it as the act of a pirate government) attempted a rebellion from sympathetic areas of Scotland in 1714-15 but was defeated and forced back to exile.

His son - 'Bonnie Prince Charlie' - later calling himself Charles III, attempted in 1745 to again use Scotland as a base for rebellion. Despite early success, pushing all the way into England as far as Derby and defeating all armies sent against him, the rebellion' leaders knew that if they did not get the support from common people in England then he would soon be deposed anyway like is grandfather. This support never came and they fled back to loyal areas in Scotland. It ended at the Battle of Culloden (16th April 1746 - during the reign of George II) and the aftermath of the rebellion is infamous for it's brutal punishment of rebel areas - a sytematic act of genocide with the full support of London. Charles fled back into exile, where he died years later a syphillitic drunk.

His youngest brother now styled himself Henry IX/I but seeing that the Stuart cause was now more a joke than a reality, was given permission to come to London where he formally submitted his allegiance to George III in 1790, and allowed to live out his life in a small residence provided by the king. Thus ended the House of Stuart.