When a party to a case wants to request the US Supreme Court review his or her case, the attorney files a "petition for a writ of certiorari." If the Court decides to hear a case, they "grant cert(iorari)" to the petitioner and issue a Writ of Certiorari to the lower courts, ordering all case files for review.
For more information, see Related Questions, below.
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US Supreme Court decisions are called "Opinions."
A supreme court is the highest court within the hierarchy of many legal jurisdictions. Other descriptions for such courts include court of last resort, instance court, judgment court, apex court, and highest court of appeal. Broadly speaking, the decisions of a supreme court are not subject to further review by any other court.
If more justices agree with a concurring opinion than with the opinion of the Court, the decision is called a plurality.
The explanation for the US Supreme Court's decision is called the opinion.
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