The "s" orbital is circular; the "p" orbital is shaped like a dumbell. The "d" orbitals are like a double dumbell, though the dz2 sub orbital is like a dumbell with an annulus around it. Finally, the f orbital are much more complex. They are like a quadruple dumbell with the lobes pointing towards the 8 corners of a cube.
The shapes vary.
s orbitals are spherical, the three p orbitals are dumbbell shaped. the shapes of the 5 d orbitals d orbitals are more complex as are f orbitals.
You are PROBABLY referring to the "Bohr Model" of the atom.
No, the electrons orbiting an atom have multiple levels.
In a nearly insignificant way.
First, recall that planets orbit the sun, not the other way around. Secondly, the term electron cloud is used to describe the body of electrons that orbit the nucleus of an atom. To answer your question as succinctly as possible, the analogy of planets orbiting the sun is one of the best to consider when thinking about the orbit of electrons
I'll assume you mean: "... as opposed to a circular orbit". That is caused by the fact that for a circular orbit, a planet needs a VERY PRECISE SPEED. Change the speed slightly (at a particular point in the orbit), and the orbit immediately becomes elliptical.
It is almost perfectly spherical, in a 99.99999 percent Vacuous fashion.
An orbit is the path around the nucleus of an atom. an electron generally moves along this orbit.
The shape of a planet's orbit is elliptical.
The shape of earth's orbit is known as an elipse
Neutrons and Protons make up the nucleus. Electrons orbit an atom.
electrons orbit the protons and neutrons
The force that keeps them in orbit is the electrostatic attraction between the atom's nucleus and the electrons.
The electrons in the atoms are in an electromagnetic field. This field determines the velocity, length, and shape of orbit in which they spin around the nucleus.
In the orbit around an atom - not in the nucleus
Electrons orbit the nucleus of an atom.
External forces can cause electrons in the outer orbit of an atom to break free of their orbit. Conductors can increase the chances of this happening.
the atomic orbit