No. Low compression does not effect timing but timing can affect compression.
timing belt
NO! You could run a compression test on an engine with NO intake manifold installed, so a leak of any size will not affect compression. The only things that usually affect compression is your rings, valves, and valve timing. if you have low compression on only one cyl, then valve timing is probably OK. With the piston at TDC removed the spark plug and introduce low pressure air (20psi) into the cylinder. If rings are bad, air will go into the crankcase (air comes out the oil cap), if air comes out the intake, you have an intake valve concern, if air goes out the tailpipe, you have a exhaust valve issue......Good Luck
Run a compression test. If compression in all cylinders is low, it's probably the timing chain.
It probably won't start and run and a compression test would show very low, if any compression in all cylinders.
If the timing is retarded due to cam and crank timing, the answer is YES. If it is due to distributor or ignition timing NO. Compression is produced mechanically when all the valves are closed during the compression stroke of the piston. If all is well (rings and valves), you should achieve optimal compression from the engine. Almost all gasoline engines require a least 80 psi to fire the cylinder.
Low compression readings on the left bank of a 2002 Chrysler 300M with a 3.5L HO engine could be caused by several issues, including worn piston rings, damaged cylinder walls, or faulty valves (such as bent or burned valves). Another possibility is a blown head gasket, which can lead to compression loss between cylinders. Additionally, issues with the timing belt or chain could affect valve timing, resulting in low compression. A thorough diagnostic, including a leak-down test, can help pinpoint the exact cause.
No compression on all cylinders, assuming pistons are moving and valves are intact - would imply bad valve timing, most likely timing chain... Several other issues can cause low compression in misc cylinders but no compression across the board without a catastrophic event such as major overheat or fuel washing cylinders, blown crank, etc - but "no compression" again, first check would be timing chain.
That's about the time you want to start checking out the timing belt. Run a compression test and see what you're getting. If compression is low, you've probably slipped a tooth on the timing belt. The backfiring isn't good.
It will be noisy or may have jumped time. The only sure way is to remove the cover and inspect it.
Run a compression test. If only one cylinder has low compression, it's probably a damaged valve or pushrod. If the compression is low in all cylinders the cam is probably not timed correctly.
The most common cause for no compression after a timing belt change is improper timing. Make sure that tdc is set correctly, and is not 180 degrees out of sync.
Low compression in cylinders 2 and 3 can result from several issues, including worn piston rings, damaged cylinder walls, or leaking valves. Additionally, a blown head gasket can allow coolant or oil to enter the combustion chamber, leading to reduced compression. A vacuum leak or timing issues may also contribute to low compression in specific cylinders. Performing a compression test and a leak-down test can help identify the exact cause.