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Can more than one ribosome at a time translate an mRNA transcript?
Wiki User
∙ 13y ago
Yes because the ribosomes are made in the cytoplasm which allows the RNA polymerase to detect the transcrpt
Wiki User
∙ 13y ago
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Explain how a protein molecule is synthesized from mRNA?
The mRNA brings the necessary code from the DNA to the ribosome. Meanwhile, the tRNA is bringing the anticodon to translate the codon on the mRNA, along with an amino acid which will be connected in a chain by peptide bond to form a protein. Once the tRNA and mRNA aligns themselves into the ribosome, the translation begins and more tRNAs come and go to dump their amino acids. The amino acids are all connected until a large chain is formed. The chain is then modified further to become a functional protein.
Where does the attachment of a mRNA molecule to a ribosome take place?
The attachment of a mRNA molecule to a ribosome takes place in the cytoplasm of a cell.
What is used to carry the genetic code from DNA to the ribosomes?
The mRNA carries the genetic code needed to make a protein to the ribosome from DNA via microtubules.
What do ribosomes do in translation?
Ribosomes are not directly related to transcription. In eukaryotes the mRNA transcript must be transcribed and modified before it reaches the ribosomes in the cytoplasm. However in prokaryotes ribosomes may attach to mRNA and begin translating as the mRNA is still being made.
What 3 types of RNA that help to build proteins?
There are 3 types of RNA: mRNA; rRNA; tRNA. mRNA, or Messenger RNA, is a copy made from a template piece of DNA, this will encode (every 3 nucleotides makes up a codon which can be read as an amino acid, for example CGA is the codon for an arginine) for the protein that you wish to make. rRNA, or Ribosomal RNA, is made of 2 subunits, a 50s and 30s (s is just a measure of size), that are combined to make a ribosome. A ribosome is the site in which the protein is synthesized (it contains all the elements necessary to make protein). tRNA, or Transfer RNA, is what actually reads the mRNA and makes the protein by recruiting and adding the necessary amino acid that the mRNA codes for.
How can lots of ribosomes speed up making proteins?
A single mRNA molecule can have more than one ribosome translating it at a time. Another ribosome can attach and start translation before the previous one has finished. Therefore the more ribosomes there are the more proteins made from a single transcript at one time.
Explain how a protein molecule is synthesized from mRNA?
The mRNA brings the necessary code from the DNA to the ribosome. Meanwhile, the tRNA is bringing the anticodon to translate the codon on the mRNA, along with an amino acid which will be connected in a chain by peptide bond to form a protein. Once the tRNA and mRNA aligns themselves into the ribosome, the translation begins and more tRNAs come and go to dump their amino acids. The amino acids are all connected until a large chain is formed. The chain is then modified further to become a functional protein.
What organelle receives instructions from the hereditary material on how when and in what order to make proteins in a cell?
messenger RNA (mRNA) is transcripted from DNA. mRNA takes the genetic information on how to synthesis a protein out of the nucleus to a ribosome (composed of ribosomal RNA). mRNA is read (translated) by ribosome. transfer RNA (tRNA) brings in amino acids and the ribosome connects them together to make proteins. it's a little more technical than this, though.
Where does the attachment of a mRNA molecule to a ribosome take place?
The attachment of a mRNA molecule to a ribosome takes place in the cytoplasm of a cell.
How are the different types of RNA different?
mRNA (messenger) - copies DNA's code during transcription and carries it out of the nucleus and to the ribosome. tRNA (transfer) - binds to specfic amino acids, and carries them to the ribosome during translation rRNA (ribosomal) - makes up ribosomes
What is used to carry the genetic code from DNA to the ribosomes?
The mRNA carries the genetic code needed to make a protein to the ribosome from DNA via microtubules.
What do ribosomes do in translation?
Ribosomes are not directly related to transcription. In eukaryotes the mRNA transcript must be transcribed and modified before it reaches the ribosomes in the cytoplasm. However in prokaryotes ribosomes may attach to mRNA and begin translating as the mRNA is still being made.
What happens to ribosomes during protein synthesis?
Protein synthesis take place on ribosomes.They provide surface for it.
Explain the process of translation and tRNA anticodons?
In short, translation is the process of ribosomes reading mRNA and using tRNA to gather the amino acids specified by the mRNA. The tRNA anticodons are complementary to the codons (three nucleotide sequence that represents an amino acid) on mRNA and allow them to be identified by the ribosome. In detail, translation is the second process of making a protein or polypeptide, the first being transcription. During translation, the mRNA leaves the nucleus and moves to the ribosome, usually located on the Rough ER (endoplasmic reticulum) or in the cytoplasm of the cell. The ribosome consists of two subunits, a large and small one. Initiation factors take the mRNA to the small ribosomal subunit, where other initiation factors move the tRNA to the first codon (three nucleotides sequence that represents a particular amino acid.) Then, the large ribosomal subunit attaches to the small subunit, encasing the mRNA and tRNA. The ribosome contains three distinct areas that the tRNA can occupy in the ribosome: the A site, where tRNA enters and receives the existing amino acid chain, the P site, where it comes in contact with the codons on the mRNA, and the E site, where the tRNA prepares to leave the ribosome. The first tRNA enters the P site and always carries N-formylmethionine (fMet), and all subsequent tRNAs enter the A site, then move to the P site then E site. Since tRNA is reusable and can only carry a particular amino acid, its possesses anticodons that represent the amino acid it carries. The first codon on mRNA is always a 'start' codon AUG (amino acid Methionine.) The ribosome moves down the mRNA and 'reads' each mRNA codon and finds the tRNA with the complementary anticodon (for example, if a codon on mRNA was GGG (Glycine), the complementary tRNA would have an anticodon of CCC and would be carrying the amino acid Glycine.) At the end of the mRNA, a stop signal is read by the ribosome and a release enters the A site instead of tRNA, prompting the ribosome to disassemble and be made available for more mRNA. The stop codons (also known as nonsense codons) are UAA, UAG, and UGA; they do not translate into any amino acid.
What 3 types of RNA that help to build proteins?
There are 3 types of RNA: mRNA; rRNA; tRNA. mRNA, or Messenger RNA, is a copy made from a template piece of DNA, this will encode (every 3 nucleotides makes up a codon which can be read as an amino acid, for example CGA is the codon for an arginine) for the protein that you wish to make. rRNA, or Ribosomal RNA, is made of 2 subunits, a 50s and 30s (s is just a measure of size), that are combined to make a ribosome. A ribosome is the site in which the protein is synthesized (it contains all the elements necessary to make protein). tRNA, or Transfer RNA, is what actually reads the mRNA and makes the protein by recruiting and adding the necessary amino acid that the mRNA codes for.
What carries genetic information from the nucleus to the ribosome?
The DNa is copied by the mRNA(messenger RNA) which brings it to the ribosomes. It is more complicated than that, I need to find a more complete one but if that can help. :)
How is the nucleotide seguence in the mRNA translated into a polypeptide sequence?
As we all know, mRNA undergoes translation to form a polypeptide sequence. Besides the mRNA, there are still the tRNA ( transfer RNA ) and rRNA ( ribosomal RNA ). All these three types of RNA are essential in determining the polypeptide sequence. This is the because, mRNA only acts as a messenger. A messenger to bring the information from the DNA to the ribosome to synthesis protein. the tRNA transports the required amino acid to form the polypeptide refering to the mRNA while the rRNA builds a site for the polypeptide synthesis to occur. For translation to occur, the essential components are required : tRNA with it's anticodons to the start codon - UAC - ( start codon = AUG- methionine). the subunits of the ribosomal RNA and the mRNA that needs to be translated. i)the tRNA with the correct anticodons binds to the start codon. ii) the next tRNA recognizing the next codon locates itself on the ribosome and the first tRNA is transferred by ribosome. iii) Once the amino acid are in place, peptide bonds are formed between them and a polypeptide chain is formed. the first tRNA leaves the ribosome while the next tRNA takes it's place. As another tRNA recognizes the next codon, it locates itself on the ribosome once more. iv) Translation goes on until the ribosome reaches either one of the stop codon. -- UAA / UAG/ UGA.. found on the mRNA. v) When the ribosome arrives at the stop codon, translation stops. The ribosome splits to it's two sub units, and the newly synthesized polypeptide chain is released from the mRNA. vi) the tRNA and rRNA can be reused to form new polypeptides on other mRNA strands.
