Klebsiella sp.
The positive organism for citrate utilization test is usually Escherichia coli. When this bacterium is able to grow on a citrate-containing medium, it will produce alkaline byproducts that change the pH of the medium, turning it from green to blue. This color change indicates a positive result for citrate utilization.
Most bacteria in Tribe V are able to utilize Citrate, with the exception of Hafnia and Pantoea (+/-). The 2 most common Klebsiella (oxytoca and pneumoniae), can utilize citrate, so should be citrate positive.
Pseudomonas aeruginosa typically demonstrates a negative result on the citrate test, as it is unable to utilize citrate as its sole carbon source for growth. This bacterium lacks the enzyme citrate-permease needed to transport citrate into the cell for metabolism, leading to a lack of growth on citrate agar and a lack of color change from green to blue.
A citrate-positive organism may fail to produce a color change in Simmons citrate agar due to insufficient incubation time. The color change is typically a slow process, and some organisms may require longer incubation periods to manifest this change. Additionally, certain strains of bacteria may lack the necessary enzymes to utilize citrate effectively, resulting in no color change despite being citrate-positive.
No, Staphylococcus epidermidis is typically citrate negative, meaning it cannot utilize citrate as a carbon source for growth. This characteristic can be used in biochemical tests to help differentiate it from other bacteria.
positive
An organism that possesses the citrate lyase enzyme may not test positive on Simmon's citrate agar if it does not effectively utilize citrate under the specific conditions of the test, such as pH or temperature. Additionally, the organism might not be able to grow on the agar due to other metabolic limitations or competition with other microorganisms. This situation is not strictly a false negative, as the test specifically measures the ability to utilize citrate as the sole carbon source, rather than merely the presence of the enzyme. Thus, a negative result could reflect the organism's inability to metabolize citrate in that particular environment.
Sounds like Citrobacter freundii. Double check that you do have a gram negative rod that is motile, H2S negative and oxidative negative (most gram neg rods are).
The positive organism for citrate utilization test is usually Escherichia coli. When this bacterium is able to grow on a citrate-containing medium, it will produce alkaline byproducts that change the pH of the medium, turning it from green to blue. This color change indicates a positive result for citrate utilization.
The B.cereus has a positive citrate test and a negative Voges Proskauer.
Yes, Serratia marcescens typically tests negative for citrate utilization in citrate utilization tests. This bacterium lacks the enzyme citrate-permease needed to import citrate into the cell, resulting in a negative citrate test.
Bacillus megaterium
Based on my own test, Shigella flexneri tests negative for the citrate test.
bacillus subtilis
Yes, Morganella morganii is positive for citrate utilization. This bacterium can use citrate as a carbon source for growth and will produce alkaline byproducts, causing a color change in the citrate test medium from green to blue.
Most bacteria in Tribe V are able to utilize Citrate, with the exception of Hafnia and Pantoea (+/-). The 2 most common Klebsiella (oxytoca and pneumoniae), can utilize citrate, so should be citrate positive.
Klebsiella pneumoniae is typically citrate negative, meaning it does not utilize citrate as a carbon source in the citrate utilization test. This bacterium lacks the enzyme citrate permease needed for citrate utilization.